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Plant Physiol, October 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 426-435
Low Ascorbic Acid in the vtc-1 Mutant of Arabidopsis
Is Associated with Decreased Growth and Intracellular Redistribution of
the Antioxidant System1
Sonja D.
Veljovic-Jovanovic,
Cristina
Pignocchi,
Graham
Noctor, and
Christine H.
Foyer*
Center for Multidisciplinary Studies, University of Belgrade, Kneza
Viseslava 1a, 11030 Belgrade, Yugoslavia (S.D.V.-J.); and Department of
Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Arable Crops
Research-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
(C.P., G.N., C.H.F.)
Ascorbic acid has numerous and diverse roles in plant metabolism.
We have used the vtc-1 mutant of Arabidopsis, which is
deficient in ascorbate biosynthesis, to investigate the role of
ascorbate concentration in growth, regulation of photosynthesis, and
control of the partitioning of antioxidative enyzmes. The mutant
possessed 70% less ascorbate in the leaves compared with the wild
type. This lesion was associated with a slight increase in total
glutathione but no change in the redox state of either ascorbate or
glutathione. In vtc-1, total ascorbate in the apoplast
was decreased to 23% of the wild-type value. The mutant displayed much
slower shoot growth than the wild type when grown in air or at high
CO2 (3 mL L 1), where oxidative stress is
diminished. Leaves were smaller, and shoot fresh weight and dry weight
were lower in the mutant. No significant differences in the light
saturation curves for CO2 assimilation were found in air or
at high CO2, suggesting that the effect on growth was not
due to decreased photosynthetic capacity in the mutant. Analysis of
chlorophyll a fluorescence quenching revealed only a
slight effect on non-photochemical energy dissipation. Hydrogen
peroxide contents were similar in the leaves of the
vtc-1 mutant and the wild type. Total leaf peroxidase
activity was increased in the mutant and compartment-specific
differences in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity were observed. In
agreement with the measurements of enzyme activity, the expression of
cytosolic APX was increased, whereas that for chloroplast APX isoforms
was either unchanged or slightly decreased. These data implicate
ascorbate concentration in the regulation of the compartmentalization
of the antioxidant system in Arabidopsis.
1
This work was supported by the UK Biotechnology
Sciences Research Council and by the Royal Society, London, UK
(fellowship to S.D.V.-J.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail christine.foyer{at}bbsrc.ac.uk; fax
44-01582-763010.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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