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Plant Physiol, October 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 665-673
Sulfur Economy and Cell Wall Biosynthesis during Sulfur
Limitation of Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii1
Hideki
Takahashi,
Caren E.
Braby, and
Arthur R.
Grossman*
The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research Plant Science
Center, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan (H.T.);
Stanford University, Department of Biology, The Hopkins Marine Station,
Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, California 93950-3094 (C.E.B.);
and Department of Plant Biology, The Carnegie Institution of
Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, California 94305 (A.R.G.)
We have identified two novel periplasmic/cell wall polypeptides
that specifically accumulate during sulfur limitation of
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. These polypeptides, present
at high levels in the extracellular polypeptide fraction from a
sulfur-deprived, cell wall-minus C. reinhardtii strain,
have apparent molecular masses of 76 and 88 kD and are designated Ecp76
and Ecp88. N-terminal sequences of these polypeptides facilitated the
isolation of full-length Ecp76 and Ecp88
cDNAs. Ecp76 and Ecp88 polypeptides are deduced to be 583 and 595 amino
acids, respectively. Their amino acid sequences are similar to each
other, with features characteristic of cell wall-localized
hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins; the N terminus of each polypeptide
contains a predicted signal sequence, whereas the C terminus is rich in
proline, alanine, and serine. Ecp76 and Ecp88 have either no (Ecp88) or
one (Ecp76) sulfur-containing amino acid and transcripts encoding these
polypeptides are not detected in cultures maintained on complete
medium, but accumulate when cells are deprived of sulfur. This
accumulation is temporally delayed relative to the accumulation of
sulfur stress-induced arylsulfatase and ATP sulfurylase transcripts.
The addition of sulfate back to sulfur-starved cultures caused a rapid
decline in Ecp76 and Ecp88 mRNAs (half lives < 10 min).
Furthermore, the C. reinhardtii sac1 mutant, which lacks
a regulatory protein critical for acclimation to sulfur limitation,
does not accumulate Ecp76 or Ecp88 transcripts. These results suggest
that the Ecp76 and Ecp88 genes are under
SacI control, and that restructuring of the C.
reinhardtii cell wall during sulfur limitation may be important for redistribution of internal and efficient utilization of
environmental sulfur-containing molecules.
1
This work was supported by the Japan Society for
the Promotion of Science (postdoctoral fellowship no. 6067 to H.T.).
This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (grant no. 9900622 awarded to J. Davies [Exelixis Pharmaceuticals, San
Francisco] and transferred to A.R.G.). This is Carnegie Institution Publication No. 1486.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail arthur{at}andrew2.stanford.edu; fax
650-325-6857.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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