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Plant Physiol, November 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 1077-1088
A Gene Controlling Variation in Arabidopsis Glucosinolate
Composition Is Part of the Methionine Chain Elongation
Pathway1
Juergen
Kroymann,
Susanne
Textor,
Jim G.
Tokuhisa,
Kimberly
L.
Falk,
Stefan
Bartram,
Jonathan
Gershenzon,* and
Thomas
Mitchell-Olds
Departments of Genetics and Evolution (J.K., T.M.-O.), Plant
Biochemistry (S.T., J.G.T., K.L.F., J.G.), and Bioorganic Chemistry
(S.B.), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade
10, 07745 Jena, Germany
Arabidopsis and other Brassicaceae produce an enormous diversity of
aliphatic glucosinolates, a group of methionine (Met)-derived plant
secondary compounds containing a  -thio-glucose moiety, a sulfonated
oxime, and a variable side chain. We fine-scale mapped GSL-ELONG, a locus controlling variation in the
side-chain length of aliphatic glucosinolates. Within this locus, a
polymorphic gene was identified that determines whether Met is extended
predominantly by either one or by two methylene groups to produce
aliphatic glucosinolates with either three- or four-carbon side chains. Two allelic mutants deficient in four-carbon side-chain glucosinolates were shown to contain independent missense mutations within this gene.
In cell-free enzyme assays, a heterologously expressed cDNA from this
locus was capable of condensing 2-oxo-4-methylthiobutanoic acid with
acetyl-coenzyme A, the initial reaction in Met chain elongation. The
gene methylthioalkylmalate synthase1
(MAM1) is a member of a gene family sharing
approximately 60% amino acid sequence similarity with
2-isopropylmalate synthase, an enzyme of leucine biosynthesis that
condenses 2-oxo-3-methylbutanoate with acetyl-coenzyme A.
1
This work was supported by the
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, by the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant
no. DEB-9527725 to T.M.-O.), by the European Union, and by the German
Science Foundation (grant to J.G.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail gershenzon{at}ice.mpg.de; fax
49-3641-643650.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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