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Plant Physiol, November 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 1125-1135
Root Hair Initiation Is Coupled to a Highly Localized Increase of
Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylase Action in Arabidopsis
Roots1
Kris
Vissenberg,
Stephen C.
Fry, and
Jean-Pierre
Verbelen*
University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium (K.V., J.-P.V.); and The Edinburgh Cell Wall
Group, Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of
Edinburgh, Daniel Rutherford Building, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh
EH9 3JH, United Kingdom (S.C.F.)
Root hairs are formed by two separate processes: initiation and
subsequent tip growth. Root hair initiation is always accompanied by a
highly localized increase in xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET)
action at the site of future bulge formation, where the trichoblast
locally loosens its cell wall. This suggests an important role of XET
in the first stages of root hair initiation. The tip of growing root
hairs is not marked by localized high XET action. Experiments in which
root hair initiation was modulated and observations on root hair
mutants support this view. The ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid shifts both root hair initiation and the local increase in XET action toward the root tip. On the other
hand, roots treated with the ethylene inhibitor
aminoethoxyvinyl-glycine, as well as roots of mutants affected in root
hair initiation (rhl1, rhd6-1, and
axr2-1) revealed no localized increases of XET action at
all and consequently did not initiate root hairs. Disruption of actin
and microtubules did not prevent the localized increase in XET action.
Also, the temporal and spatial pattern of action as the specific pH
dependence suggest that different isoforms of XET act in different
processes of root development.
1
This work was supported by the Biotechnology and
Biological Science Research Council, UK (research grant to S.C.F.). The
confocal laser scanning microscope was supported by the Fund for
Scientific Research, Flanders (grant nos. 3.0028.90, 2.0049.93, and
G.0034.97). K.V. is a Research Assistant of the Fund for Scientific
Research (FWO), Flanders (Belgium).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail verbelen{at}uia.ua.ac.be; fax
32-3-820-22-71.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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