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Plant Physiol, November 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 1266-1278

The Arabidopsis pxa1 Mutant Is Defective in an ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter-Like Protein Required for Peroxisomal Fatty Acid beta -Oxidation1

Bethany K. Zolman, Illeana D. Silva, and Bonnie Bartel*

Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005 (B.K.Z., I.D.S., B.B.)

Peroxisomes are important organelles in plant metabolism, containing all the enzymes required for fatty acid beta -oxidation. More than 20 proteins are required for peroxisomal biogenesis and maintenance. The Arabidopsis pxa1 mutant, originally isolated because it is resistant to the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), developmentally arrests when germinated without supplemental sucrose, suggesting defects in fatty acid beta -oxidation. Because IBA is converted to the more abundant auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), in a mechanism that parallels beta -oxidation, the mutant is likely to be IBA resistant because it cannot convert IBA to IAA. Adult pxa1 plants grow slowly compared with wild type, with smaller rosettes, fewer leaves, and shorter inflorescence stems, indicating that PXA1 is important throughout development. We identified the molecular defect in pxa1 using a map-based positional approach. PXA1 encodes a predicted peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporter that is 42% identical to the human adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) protein, which is defective in patients with the demyelinating disorder X-linked ALD. Homology to ALD protein and other human and yeast peroxisomal transporters suggests that PXA1 imports coenzyme A esters of fatty acids and IBA into the peroxisome for beta -oxidation. The pxa1 mutant makes fewer lateral roots than wild type, both in response to IBA and without exogenous hormones, suggesting that the IAA derived from IBA during seedling development promotes lateral root formation.

1 This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. IBN-9982611), by the Robert A. Welch Foundation (grant no. C-1309), and by the American Society of Plant Biologists (Undergraduate Research Fellowship to I.D.S.).

* Corresponding author; e-mail bartel{at}rice.edu; fax 713-348-5154.

© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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