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Plant Physiol, November 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 998-1011

Isolation and Characterization of Mutants Defective in Seed Coat Mucilage Secretory Cell Development in Arabidopsis1

Tamara L. Western,2 Joanne Burn,3 Wei Ling Tan, Debra J. Skinner,4 Luke Martin-McCaffrey, Barbara A. Moffatt, and George W. Haughn*

Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 (T.L.W., J.B., W.L.T., D.J.S., G.W.H.); and Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1 (L.M.-M., B.A.M.)

In Arabidopsis, fertilization induces the epidermal cells of the outer ovule integument to differentiate into a specialized seed coat cell type producing extracellular pectinaceous mucilage and a volcano-shaped secondary cell wall. Differentiation involves a regulated series of cytological events including growth, cytoplasmic rearrangement, mucilage synthesis, and secondary cell wall production. We have tested the potential of Arabidopsis seed coat epidermal cells as a model system for the genetic analysis of these processes. A screen for mutants defective in seed mucilage identified five novel genes (MUCILAGE-MODIFIED [MUM]1-5). The seed coat development of these mutants, and that of three previously identified ones (TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1, GLABRA2, and APETALA2) were characterized. Our results show that the genes identified define several events in seed coat differentiation. Although APETALA2 is needed for differentiation of both outer layers of the seed coat, TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1, GLABRA2, and MUM4 are required for complete mucilage synthesis and cytoplasmic rearrangement. MUM3 and MUM5 may be involved in the regulation of mucilage composition, whereas MUM1 and MUM2 appear to play novel roles in post-synthesis cell wall modifications necessary for mucilage extrusion.

1  This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (research grants to G.W.H. and B.A.M.), by the Killam Foundation (Predoctoral Fellowship to T.L.W.), by the University of British Columbia (University Research Fellowship to W.L.T.), and by the Zimbabwe-Canada General Training Facility Scholarship (to D.J.S.).

2  Present address: Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, 190 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854.

3  Present address: Plant Cell Biology, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, GPO Box 475, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

4  Present address: Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616.

* Corresponding author; e-mail haughn{at}interchange.ubc.ca; fax 604-822-6089.

© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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