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Plant Physiol, February 2002, Vol. 128, pp. 482-490

Resistance against Herbicide Isoxaben and Cellulose Deficiency Caused by Distinct Mutations in Same Cellulose Synthase Isoform CESA61

Thierry Desprez,2 Samantha Vernhettes,2 Mathilde Fagard,2 Guislaine Refrégier, Thierry Desnos,3 Estelle Aletti, Nicolas Py, Sandra Pelletier, and Herman Höfte*

Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78026 Versailles cedex, France

Isoxaben is a pre-emergence herbicide that inhibits cellulose biosynthesis in higher plants. Two loci identified by isoxaben-resistant mutants (ixr1-1, ixr1-2, and ixr2-1) in Arabidopsis have been reported previously. IXR1 was recently shown to encode the cellulose synthase catalytic subunit CESA3 (W.-R. Scheible, R. Eshed, T. Richmond, D. Delmer, and C. Somerville [2001] Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 10079-10084). Here, we report on the cloning of IXR2, and show that it encodes another cellulose synthase isoform, CESA6. ixr2-1 carries a mutation substituting an amino acid close to the C terminus of CESA6 that is highly conserved among CESA family members. Transformation of wild-type plants with the mutated gene and not with the wild-type gene conferred increased resistance against the herbicide. The simplest interpretation for the existence of these two isoxaben-resistant loci is that CESA3 and CESA6 have redundant functions. However, loss of function procuste1 alleles of CESA6 were previously shown to have a strong growth defect and reduced cellulose content in roots and dark-grown hypocotyls. This indicates that in these mutants, the presence of CESA3 does not compensate for the absence of CESA6 in roots and dark-grown hypocotyls, which argues against redundant functions for CESA3 and CESA6. Together, these observations are compatible with a model in which CESA6 and CESA3 are active as a protein complex.

1 This work was financed in part by the Ministère de la Recherche et de Technology (grants to M.F., G.R., and T.D.).

2 These authors contributed equally to this work.

3 Present address: Département d'Ecophysiologie Végétale et de Microbiologie/Laboratoire du Métabolisme Carboné, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique de Cadarache, 13108 St. Paul-lez-Durance cedex, France.

* Corresponding author; e-mail hofte{at}versailles.inra.fr; fax 33-1-30-83-30-99.

© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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