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Plant Physiol, February 2002, Vol. 128, pp. 491-501
Abscisic Acid Determines Basal Susceptibility of Tomato to
Botrytis cinerea and Suppresses Salicylic Acid-Dependent
Signaling Mechanisms1
Kris
Audenaert,
Geert B.
De Meyer, and
Monica M.
Höfte*
Laboratory of Phytopathology, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied
Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Coupure Links, 653, B-9000
Gent, Belgium
Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the plant hormones involved in the
interaction between plants and pathogens. In this work, we show that
tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Moneymaker) mutants with reduced ABA levels (sitiens plants) are
much more resistant to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis
cinerea than wild-type (WT) plants. Exogenous application of
ABA restored susceptibility to B. cinerea in
sitiens plants and increased susceptibility in WT
plants. These results indicate that ABA plays a major role in the
susceptibility of tomato to B. cinerea. ABA appeared to interact with a functional plant defense response against B.
cinerea. Experiments with transgenic NahG tomato
plants and benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid demonstrated the
importance of salicylic acid in the tomato-B. cinerea
interaction. In addition, upon infection with B.
cinerea, sitiens plants showed a clear increase
in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, which was not observed in
infected WT plants, indicating that the ABA levels in healthy WT tomato
plants partly repress phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity. In
addition, sitiens plants became more sensitive to
benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid root treatment. The
threshold values for PR1a gene expression declined with a factor 10 to
100 in sitiens compared with WT plants. Thus, ABA
appears to negatively modulate the salicylic acid-dependent defense
pathway in tomato, which may be one of the mechanisms by which ABA
levels determine susceptibility to B. cinerea.
1
This work was supported by the Flemish Institute
for the Stimulation of Scientific-Technological Research in Industry
(IWT, Belgium; specialization fellowship to K.A.) and by a grant from the Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders (FWO, Belgium).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail monica.hofte{at}rug.ac.be; fax
32-9-2646238.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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