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Plant Physiol, February 2002, Vol. 128, pp. 669-681
Disruption of the Actin Cytoskeleton Results in the Promotion of
Gravitropism in Inflorescence Stems and Hypocotyls of
Arabidopsis1
Kazuyoshi
Yamamoto and
John Z.
Kiss*
Department of Botany, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056
The actin cytoskeleton is hypothesized to play a major role in
gravity perception and transduction mechanisms in roots of plants. To
determine whether actin microfilaments (MFs) are involved in these
processes in stem-like organs, we studied gravitropism in Arabidopsis
inflorescence stems and hypocotyls. Localization studies using Alexa
Fluor-phalloidin in conjugation with confocal microscopy demonstrated a
longitudinally and transversely oriented actin MF network in endodermal
cells of stems and hypocotyls. Latrunculin B (Lat-B) treatment of
hypocotyls caused depolymerization of actin MFs in endodermal cells and
a significant reduction of hypocotyl growth rates. Actin MFs in
Lat-B-treated inflorescence stems also were disrupted, but growth rates
were not affected. Despite disruption of the actin cytoskeleton in
these two organs, Lat-B-treated stems and hypocotyls exhibited a
promotion of gravitropic curvature in response to reorientation. In
contrast, Lat-B reduced gravitropic curvature in roots but also reduced
the growth rate. Thus, in contrast to prevailing hypotheses, our
results suggest that actin MFs are not a necessary component of
gravitropism in inflorescence stems and hypocotyls. Furthermore, this
is the first study to demonstrate a prominent actin MF network in
endodermal cells in the putative gravity-perceiving cells in stems.
1
This work was supported by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (grant no. NCC2-1200) and the
National Institutes of Health (grant no. 1R15GM57806-01).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail kissjz{at}muohio.edu; fax
513-529-4243.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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