First published online April 9, 2002; 10.1104/pp.010999
Plant Physiol, April 2002, Vol. 128, pp. 1271-1281
Oxidative Stress Increased Respiration and Generation of Reactive
Oxygen Species, Resulting in ATP Depletion, Opening of Mitochondrial
Permeability Transition, and Programmed Cell Death1
Budhi Sagar
Tiwari,
Beatrice
Belenghi, and
Alex
Levine*
Department of Plant Sciences, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences,
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
Mitochondria constitute a major source of reactive oxygen
species and have been proposed to integrate the cellular responses to
stress. In animals, it was shown that mitochondria can trigger apoptosis from diverse stimuli through the opening of MTP, which allows
the release of the apoptosis-inducing factor and translocation of
cytochrome c into the cytosol. Here, we analyzed the
role of the mitochondria in the generation of oxidative burst and
induction of programmed cell death in response to brief or continuous
oxidative stress in Arabidopsis cells. Oxidative stress increased
mitochondrial electron transport, resulting in amplification of
H2O2 production, depletion of ATP, and cell
death. The increased generation of H2O2 also
caused the opening of the MTP and the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. The release of cytochrome
c and cell death were prevented by a serine/cysteine
protease inhibitor, Pefablock. However, addition of inhibitor only
partially inhibited the H2O2 amplification and
the MTP opening, suggesting that protease activation is a necessary
step in the cell death pathway after mitochondrial damage.
1
This work was supported by the Israel Science Foundation.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail alexlevine{at}huji.ac.il; fax
972-2-658-4425.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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