First published online February 28, 2002; 10.1104/pp.010800
Plant Physiol, April 2002, Vol. 128, pp. 1379-1389
Hormone and Seed-Specific Regulation of Pea Fruit
Growth1
Jocelyn A.
Ozga,*
Rika
van Huizen, and
Dennis M.
Reinecke
Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Group, Department
of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, 4-10
Agricultural/Forestry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta,
Canada T6G 2P5
Growth of young pea (Pisum sativum) fruit
(pericarp) requires developing seeds or, in the absence of seeds,
treatment with gibberellin (GA) or auxin (4-chloroindole-3-acetic
acid). This study examined the role of seeds and hormones in the
regulation of cell division and elongation in early pea fruit
development. Profiling histone H2A and  -tonoplast intrinsic protein
(TIP) gene expression during early fruit development identified the relative contributions of cell division and elongation to fruit growth,
whereas histological studies identified specific zones of cell division
and elongation in exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp tissues. Molecular
and histological studies showed that maximal cell division was from  2
to 2 d after anthesis (DAA) and elongation from 2 to 5 DAA
in pea pericarp. Maximal increase in pericarp -TIP message level
preceded the maximal rate of fruit growth and, in general, -TIP mRNA
level was useful as a qualitative marker for expanding tissue, but not
as a quantitative marker for cell expansion. Seed removal resulted in
rapid decreases in pericarp growth and in -TIP and histone H2A
message levels. In general, GA and 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid
maintained these processes in deseeded pericarp similarly to pericarps
with seeds, and both hormones were required to obtain mesocarp cell
sizes equivalent to intact fruit. However, GA treatment to deseeded pericarps resulted in elevated levels of -TIP mRNA (6 and 7 DAA) when pericarp growth and cell enlargement were minimal. Our data support the theory that cell division and elongation are
developmentally regulated during early pea fruit growth and are
maintained by the hormonal interaction of GA and auxin.
1
This research was supported by the National
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (award no. OGP0138166).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail jocelyn.ozga{at}ualberta.ca; fax
780-492-4265.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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