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Plant Physiol, April 2002, Vol. 128, pp. 1480-1489

Metabolizable and Non-Metabolizable Sugars Activate Different Signal Transduction Pathways in Tomato1

Alok K. Sinha, Markus G. Hofmann, Ulrike Römer, Walter Köckenberger, Lothar Elling, and Thomas Roitsch*

Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Julis-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Universität Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany (A.K.S., M.G.H., T.R.); Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Research Center Jülich, D-52426 Jülich, Germany (U.R., L.E.); and Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom (W.K.)

To gain insight into the regulatory mechanisms of sugar signaling in plants, the effect of derivatives of the transport sugar sucrose (Suc), the Suc isomers palatinose and turanose, and the Suc analog fluoro-Suc were tested. Photo-autotrophic suspension culture cells of tomato (Lycopersicon peruvianum) were used to study their effect on the regulation of marker genes of source and sink metabolism, photosynthesis, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Suc and glucose (Glc) resulted in reverse regulation of source and sink metabolism. Whereas the mRNA level of extracellular invertase (Lin6) was induced, the transcript level of small subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RbcS) was repressed. In contrast, turanose, palatinose, and fluoro-Suc only rapidly induced Lin6 mRNA level, whereas the transcript level of RbcS was not affected. The differential effect of the metabolizable and non-metabolizable sugars on RbcS mRNA regulation was reflected by the fact that only Suc and Glc inhibited photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence. The activation of different signal transduction pathways by sugars was further supported by the analysis of the activation of MAPKs. MAPK activity was found to be strongly activated by turanose, palatinose, and fluoro-Suc, but not by Suc and Glc. To analyze the role of sugars in relation to pathogen perception, an elicitor preparation of Fusarium oxysporum lycopersici was used. The strong activation of MAPKs and the fast and transient induction of Lin6 expresssion by the fungal elicitor resembles the effect of turanose, palatinose, and fluoro-Suc and indicates that non-metabolizable sugars are sensed as stress-related stimuli.

1 This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant no. SFB380, Teilprojekt B26 to L.E. and grant no. Ro 4-1 to T.R.), by the Alexander von Humbold Foundation (to A.K.S.), and by the Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes (to M.G.H.).

* Corresponding author; e-mail roitsch{at}biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de; fax 49-931-888-6182.

© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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