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Plant Physiol, April 2002, Vol. 128, pp. 1480-1489
Metabolizable and Non-Metabolizable Sugars Activate Different
Signal Transduction Pathways in Tomato1
Alok K.
Sinha,
Markus G.
Hofmann,
Ulrike
Römer,
Walter
Köckenberger,
Lothar
Elling, and
Thomas
Roitsch*
Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Julius-von-Sachs
Institute, Julis-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Universität Würzburg,
D-97082 Würzburg, Germany (A.K.S., M.G.H., T.R.);
Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Research Center
Jülich, D-52426 Jülich, Germany (U.R., L.E.); and Magnetic
Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom (W.K.)
To gain insight into the regulatory mechanisms of sugar
signaling in plants, the effect of derivatives of the transport sugar sucrose (Suc), the Suc isomers palatinose and turanose, and the Suc
analog fluoro-Suc were tested. Photo-autotrophic suspension culture
cells of tomato (Lycopersicon peruvianum) were used to study their effect on the regulation of marker genes of source and sink
metabolism, photosynthesis, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Suc and glucose (Glc) resulted in reverse regulation of source and sink metabolism. Whereas the mRNA level of
extracellular invertase (Lin6) was induced, the transcript level of
small subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RbcS) was
repressed. In contrast, turanose, palatinose, and fluoro-Suc only
rapidly induced Lin6 mRNA level, whereas the transcript level of RbcS
was not affected. The differential effect of the metabolizable and
non-metabolizable sugars on RbcS mRNA regulation was reflected by the
fact that only Suc and Glc inhibited photosynthesis and chlorophyll
fluorescence. The activation of different signal transduction pathways
by sugars was further supported by the analysis of the activation of
MAPKs. MAPK activity was found to be strongly activated by turanose,
palatinose, and fluoro-Suc, but not by Suc and Glc. To analyze the role
of sugars in relation to pathogen perception, an elicitor preparation
of Fusarium oxysporum lycopersici was used. The strong
activation of MAPKs and the fast and transient induction of Lin6
expresssion by the fungal elicitor resembles the effect of turanose,
palatinose, and fluoro-Suc and indicates that non-metabolizable sugars
are sensed as stress-related stimuli.
1
This work was supported by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant no. SFB380, Teilprojekt B26 to L.E. and
grant no. Ro 4-1 to T.R.), by the Alexander von Humbold Foundation (to
A.K.S.), and by the Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes (to
M.G.H.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail
roitsch{at}biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de; fax 49-931-888-6182.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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