First published online April 9, 2002; 10.1104/pp.010934
Plant Physiol, May 2002, Vol. 129, pp. 244-256
Phosphate Availability Alters Architecture and Causes Changes in
Hormone Sensitivity in the Arabidopsis Root
System1
José
López-Bucio,
Esmeralda
Hernández-Abreu,
Lenin
Sánchez-Calderón,
María Fernanda
Nieto-Jacobo,
June
Simpson, and
Luis
Herrera-Estrella*
Departamento de Ingeniería Genética de Plantas,
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto
Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Irapuato, Apartado postal 629, 36500 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
The postembryonic developmental program of the plant root
system is plastic and allows changes in root architecture to adapt to
environmental conditions such as water and nutrient availability. Among
essential nutrients, phosphorus (P) often limits plant productivity because of its low mobility in soil. Therefore, the architecture of the
root system may determine the capacity of the plant to acquire this
nutrient. We studied the effect of P availability on the development of
the root system in Arabidopsis. We found that at P-limiting conditions
(<50 µM), the Arabidopsis root system undergoes major
architectural changes in terms of lateral root number, lateral root
density, and primary root length. Treatment with auxins and auxin
antagonists indicate that these changes are related to an increase in
auxin sensitivity in the roots of P-deprived Arabidopsis seedlings. It
was also found that the axr1-3, axr2-1,
and axr4-1 Arabidopsis mutants have normal responses to low P availability conditions, whereas the iaa28-1
mutant shows resistance to the stimulatory effects of low P on root
hair and lateral root formation. Analysis of ethylene signaling mutants and treatments with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid showed that
ethylene does not promote lateral root formation under P deprivation.
These results suggest that in Arabidopsis, auxin sensitivity may play a
fundamental role in the modifications of root architecture by P availability.
1
This work was supported in part by the Consejo
Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico (grant no. 31628-B),
the European Commission (grant no. ICA-4-CT2000-30017), and by the
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (grant no. Nbr55003677).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail lherrera{at}cinvestav.ira.mx; fax
52-462-4-58-49.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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