First published online May 16, 2002; 10.1104/pp.004374
Plant Physiol, June 2002, Vol. 129, pp. 576-584
Circadian Rhythms Confer a Higher Level of Fitness to Arabidopsis
Plants1
Rachel M.
Green,
Sonia
Tingay,2
Zhi-Yong
Wang,3 and
Elaine M.
Tobin*
Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, P.O. Box
160606, University of California, Los Angeles, California
90095-1606
Circadian rhythms have been demonstrated in organisms across
the taxonomic spectrum. In view of their widespread occurrence, the
adaptive significance of these rhythms is of interest. We have
previously shown that constitutive expression of the
CCA1 (CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1) gene
in Arabidopsis plants (CCA1-ox) results in loss of circadian
rhythmicity. Here, we demonstrate that these CCA1-ox plants retain the
ability to respond to diurnal changes in light. Thus, transcript levels
of several circadian-regulated genes, as well as CCA1 itself and the
closely related LHY, oscillate robustly if CCA1-ox plants are grown
under diurnal conditions. However, in contrast with wild-type plants in
which transcript levels change in anticipation of the dark/light
transitions, the CCA1-ox plants have lost the ability to anticipate
this daily change in their environment. We have used CCA1-ox lines to
examine the effects of loss of circadian regulation on the fitness of an organism. CCA1-ox plants flowered later, especially under long-day conditions, and were less viable under very short-day conditions than
their wild-type counterparts. In addition, we demonstrate that two
other circadian rhythm mutants, LHY-ox and elf3, have low-viability phenotypes. Our findings demonstrate the adaptive advantage of circadian rhythms in Arabidopsis.
1
This work was supported by the National
Institutes of Health (grant no. GM23167 to E.M.T.).
2
Present address: NSW Agriculture, Australian Cotton
Cooperative Research Centre, Wee Waa Road, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia.
3
Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institute of
Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail etobin{at}ucla.edu; fax
310-206-4386.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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