First published online April 25, 2002; 10.1104/pp.010931
Plant Physiol, June 2002, Vol. 129, pp. 797-807
Functional Analysis of the Cellulose Synthase Genes
CesA1, CesA2, and CesA3 in
Arabidopsis1
Joanne E.
Burn,
Charles H.
Hocart,
Rosemary J.
Birch,
Ann C.
Cork, and
Richard E.
Williamson*
Plant Cell Biology Group, Research School of Biological Sciences,
Australian National University, G.P.O. Box 475, Canberra,
Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
Polysaccharide analyses of mutants link several of the
glycosyltransferases encoded by the 10 CesA genes of
Arabidopsis to cellulose synthesis. Features of those mutant phenotypes
point to particular genes depositing cellulose predominantly in either primary or secondary walls. We used transformation with antisense constructs to investigate the functions of CesA2
(AthA) and CesA3 (AthB),
genes for which reduced synthesis mutants are not yet available. Plants
expressing antisense CesA1 (RSW1)
provided a comparison with a gene whose mutant phenotype
(Rsw1 ) points mainly to a primary wall role. The
antisense phenotypes of CesA1 and CesA3
were closely similar and correlated with reduced expression of the
target gene. Reductions in cell length rather than cell number underlay
the shorter bolts and stamen filaments. Surprisingly, seedling roots
were unaffected in both CesA1 and CesA3
antisense plants. In keeping with the mild phenotype compared with
Rsw1, reductions in total cellulose levels in antisense
CesA1 and CesA3 plants were at the
borderline of significance. We conclude that CesA3, like
CesA1, is required for deposition of primary wall
cellulose. To test whether there were important functional differences
between the two, we overexpressed CesA3 in
rsw1 but were unable to complement that mutant's defect
in CesA1. The function of CesA2 was less obvious, but,
consistent with a role in primary wall deposition, the rate of stem
elongation was reduced in antisense plants growing rapidly at
31°C.
1
This work was supported in part by a grant from
North Eucalypt Technologies (to J.E.B.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail richard{at}rsbs.anu.edu.au; fax
61-2-6125-4331.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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