First published online July 18, 2002; 10.1104/pp.005777
Plant Physiol, August 2002, Vol. 129, pp. 1464-1472
ACTIN2 Is Essential for Bulge Site Selection and Tip Growth
during Root Hair Development of Arabidopsis1
Christoph
Ringli,*
Nicolas
Baumberger,
Anouck
Diet,
Beat
Frey, and
Beat
Keller
Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich,
Switzerland (C.R., N.B., A.D., B.K.); and Swiss Federal Institute for
Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
(B.F.)
Root hairs develop as long extensions from root epidermal
cells. After the formation of an initial bulge at the distal end of the
epidermal cell, the root hair structure elongates by tip growth.
Because root hairs are not surrounded by other cells, root hair
formation provides an excellent system for studying the highly
complex process of plant cell growth. Pharmacological experiments with
actin filament-interfering drugs have provided evidence that the actin
cytoskeleton is an important factor in the establishment of cell
polarity and in the maintenance of the tip growth machinery at the apex
of the growing root hair. However, there has been no genetic evidence
to directly support this assumption. We have isolated an Arabidopsis
mutant, deformed root hairs 1 (der1),
that is impaired in root hair development. The DER1
locus was cloned by map-based cloning and encodes ACTIN2 (ACT2), a
major actin of the vegetative tissue. The three der1
alleles develop the mutant phenotype to different degrees and are all
missense mutations, thus providing the means to study the effect of
partially functional ACT2. The detailed characterization of the
der1 phenotypes revealed that ACT2 is not only involved
in root hair tip growth, but is also required for correct selection of
the bulge site on the epidermal cell. Thus, the der1
mutants are useful tools to better understand the function of the actin
cytoskeleton in the process of root hair formation.
1
This work was supported by the Swiss National
Science Foundation (grant nos. 31-51055.97 and 31-61419.00).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail chringli{at}botinst.unizh.ch; fax
41-1-634-82-04.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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