First published online September 6, 2002; 10.1104/pp.005637
Plant Physiol, October 2002, Vol. 130, pp. 591-604
Soluble Invertase Expression Is an Early Target of Drought Stress
during the Critical, Abortion-Sensitive Phase of Young Ovary
Development in Maize1
Mathias Neumann
Andersen,*
Folkard
Asch,
Yong
Wu,
Christian
Richardt
Jensen,
Henrik
Næsted,
Vagn Overgaard
Mogensen, and
Karen Elaine
Koch
Department of Crop Physiology and Soil Science, Danish Institute of
Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830
Tjele, Denmark (M.N.A.); Agricultural Chemistry Institute, Rheinische
Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Strasse
13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany (F.A.); Horticultural Sciences Department,
University of Florida, 1143 Fifield Hall, P.O. Box 110690, Gainesville,
Florida 32611-6479 (Y.W., K.E.K.); Department of Agricultural
Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Agrovej 10, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark (C.R.J., V.O.M.); and Department of Plant
Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, DK-1353
Copenhagen K, Denmark (H.N.)
To distinguish their roles in early kernel development and
stress, expression of soluble (Ivr2) and insoluble
(Incw2) acid invertases was analyzed in young ovaries of
maize (Zea mays) from 6 d before ( 6 d) to 7 d after pollination (+7 d) and in response to perturbation by drought
stress treatments. The Ivr2 soluble invertase mRNA was
more abundant than the Incw2 mRNA throughout pre- and
early post-pollination development (peaking at +3 d). In contrast,
Incw2 mRNAs increased only after pollination. Drought repression of the Ivr2 soluble invertase also preceded
changes in Incw2, with soluble activity responding
before pollination (4 d). Distinct profiles of Ivr2
and Incw2 mRNAs correlated with respective enzyme
activities and indicated separate roles for these invertases during
ovary development and stress. In addition, the drought-induced decrease
and developmental changes of ovary hexose to sucrose ratio correlated
with activity of soluble but not insoluble invertase. Ovary abscisic
acid levels were increased by severe drought only at 6 d and did not
appear to directly affect Ivr2 expression. In situ
analysis showed localized activity and Ivr2 mRNA for
soluble invertase at sites of phloem-unloading and expanding maternal
tissues (greatest in terminal vascular zones and nearby cells of
pericarp, pedicel, and basal nucellus). This early pattern of maternal
invertase localization is clearly distinct from the well-characterized
association of insoluble invertase with the basal endosperm later in
development. This localization, the shifts in endogenous hexose to
sucrose environment, and the distinct timing of soluble and insoluble
invertase expression during development and stress collectively
indicate a key role and critical sensitivity of the Ivr2
soluble invertase gene during the early, abortion-susceptible phase of development.
1
This work was supported by the Danish Institute
of Agricultural Sciences, by the Institute for Agricultural Sciences at
the University of Florida (journal series no. R-08830), by the Danish Agricultural and Veterinary Research Council, and by the U.S. National
Science Foundation.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail mathiasn.andersen{at}agrsci.dk; fax
45-89-99-16-19.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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