First published online September 20, 2002; 10.1104/pp.004267
Plant Physiol, October 2002, Vol. 130, pp. 977-988
Endoplasmic Microtubules Configure the Subapical Cytoplasm and
Are Required for Fast Growth of Medicago truncatula
Root Hairs1
Björn J.
Sieberer,2
Antonius C.J.
Timmers,2
Franck G.P.
Lhuissier, and
Anne Mie C.
Emons*
Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Wageningen University,
Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands (B.J.S.,
F.G.P.L., A.M.C.E.); and Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire des
Relations Plantes-Microorganismes, Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, BP 27, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cedex, France (A.C.J.T.)
To investigate the configuration and function of
microtubules (MTs) in tip-growing Medicago truncatula
root hairs, we used immunocytochemistry or in vivo decoration by a GFP
linked to a MT-binding domain. The two approaches gave similar results
and allowed the study of MTs during hair development. Cortical MTs (CMTs) are present in all developmental stages. During the transition from bulge to a tip-growing root hair, endoplasmic MTs (EMTs) appear at
the tip of the young hair and remain there until growth arrest. EMTs
are a specific feature of tip-growing hairs, forming a
three-dimensional array throughout the subapical cytoplasmic dense
region. During growth arrest, EMTs, together with the subapical cytoplasmic dense region, progressively disappear, whereas CMTs extend
further toward the tip. In full-grown root hairs, CMTs, the only
remaining population of MTs, converge at the tip and their density
decreases over time. Upon treatment of growing hairs with 1 µM oryzalin, EMTs disappear, but CMTs remain present. The subapical cytoplasmic dense region becomes very short, the distance nucleus tip increases, growth slows down, and the nucleus still follows
the advancing tip, though at a much larger distance. Taxol has no
effect on the cytoarchitecture of growing hairs; the subapical cytoplasmic dense region remains intact, the nucleus keeps its distance
from the tip, but growth rate drops to the same extent as in hairs
treated with 1 µM oryzalin. The role of EMTs in growing root hairs is discussed.
1
This work was supported by the European
Community Training and Mobility of Researchers Program (grant
no. FMRX CT 98 0239 to B.J.S. and F.G.P.L.) and by the European
Advanced Light Microscopy Facility of the EMBL (short-term fellowship
to A.C.J.T.).
2
These authors contributed equally to the paper.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail annemie.emons{at}wur.nl; fax
31-317-485005.
© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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