Plant Physiol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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First published online October 17, 2002; 10.1104/pp.007179

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Plant Physiol, November 2002, Vol. 130, pp. 1152-1161

Isolation and Characterization of a Rice Dwarf Mutant with a Defect in Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis1

Masaki Mori,* Takahito Nomura, Hisako Ooka, Masumi Ishizaka, Takao Yokota, Kazuhiko Sugimoto, Ken Okabe,2 Hideyuki Kajiwara, Kouji Satoh, Koji Yamamoto, Hirohiko Hirochika, and Shoshi Kikuchi

Departments of Molecular Genetics (M.M., H.O., Ka.S., K.O., Ko.S., H.H., S.K.) and Biochemistry (H.K.), National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan; Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-8551, Japan (T.N., T.Y.); Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2137, Japan (H.O., K.Y.); and Chemical Analysis Research Center, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan (M.I.)

We have isolated a new recessive dwarf mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Nipponbare). Under normal growth conditions, the mutant has very short leaf sheaths; has short, curled, and frizzled leaf blades; has few tillers; and is sterile. Longitudinal sections of the leaf sheaths revealed that the cell length along the longitudinal axis is reduced, which explains the short leaf sheaths. Transverse sections of the leaf blades revealed enlargement of the motor cells along the dorsal-ventral axis, which explains the curled and frizzled leaf blades. In addition, the number of crown roots was smaller and the growth of branch roots was weaker than those in the wild-type plant. Because exogenously supplied brassinolide considerably restored the normal phenotypes, we designated the mutant brassinosteroid-dependent 1 (brd1). Further, under darkness, brd1 showed constitutive photomorphogenesis. Quantitative analyses of endogenous sterols and brassinosteroids (BRs) indicated that BR-6-oxidase, a BR biosynthesis enzyme, would be defective. In fact, a 0.2-kb deletion was detected in the genomic region of OsBR6ox (a rice BR-6-oxidase gene) in the brd1 mutant. These results indicate that BRs are involved in many morphological and physiological processes in rice, including the elongation and unrolling of leaves, development of tillers, skotomorphogenesis, root differentiation, and reproductive growth, and that the defect of BR-6-oxidase caused the brd1 phenotype.

1 This work was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan (rice genome project no. MP-1202), by the Human Frontiers Science Program (grant no. RG00162-2000 to T.Y.), and by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research no. 11460057 to T.Y.). T.N. is a research fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science since 1998.

2 Present address: Sakata Seed Co. Ltd., Quality Assurance Division, 2-7-1, Nakamachidai, Tuduki, Yokohama 224-0041, Japan.

* Corresponding author; e-mail morimasa{at}nias.affrc.go.jp; fax 81-298-38-7007.

© 2002 American Society of Plant Biologists


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