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First published online October 15, 2002; 10.1104/pp.009738

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Plant Physiol, November 2002, Vol. 130, pp. 1181-1189

Maize Leaves Turn Away from Neighbors1

Gustavo Angel Maddonni,* María Elena Otegui, Bruno Andrieu, Michael Chelle, and Jorge J. Casal

Departamento de Producción Vegetal (G.A.M., M.E.O.) and Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agronomiá, Facultad de Agronomía (J.J.C.), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avenue San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Environnement et Grandes Cultures Unité, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France (B.A., M.C.)

In commercial crops, maize (Zea mays) plants are typically grown at a larger distance between rows (70 cm) than within the same row (16-23 cm). This rectangular arrangement creates a heterogeneous environment in which the plants receive higher red light (R) to far-red light (FR) ratios from the interrow spaces. In field crops, the hybrid Dekalb 696 (DK696) showed an increased proportion of leaves toward interrow spaces, whereas the experimental hybrid 980 (Exp980) retained random leaf orientation. Mirrors reflecting FR were placed close to isolated plants to simulate the presence of neighbors in the field. In addition, localized FR was applied to target leaves in a growth chamber. During their expansion, the leaves of DK696 turned away from the low R to FR ratio signals, whereas Exp980 leaves remained unaffected. On the contrary, tillering was reduced and plant height was increased by low R to FR ratios in Exp980 but not in DK696. Isolated plants preconditioned with low R/FR-simulating neighbors in a North-South row showed reduced mutual shading among leaves when the plants were actually grouped in North-South rows. These observations contradict the current view that phytochrome-mediated responses to low R/FR are a relic from wild conditions, detrimental for crop yield.

1 This work was supported by Dekalb Argentina S.A., Agencia Nacional de Promoción Cientifica y Tecnológica (grant no. PICT 08-06608 to M.E.O.), by Secretaria de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovación Productiva (grant no. A98B03 to M.E.O. and B.A.), by the University of Buenos Aires (grant no. JG20 to G.A.M.), and by the Fundación Antorchas (grant to G.A.M.). G.A.M., M.E.O., and J.J.C. are members of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, the Research Council of Argentina.

* Corresponding author; e-mail maddonni{at}agro.uba.ar; fax 54-11-4524/8039.

© 2002 American Society of Plant Biologists


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