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Plant Physiol, November 2002, Vol. 130, pp. 1263-1275

Functional Analysis of an Arabidopsis T-DNA "Knockout" of the High-Affinity NH4+ Transporter AtAMT1;11

Brent N. Kaiser, Suman R. Rawat, M. Yaeesh Siddiqi, Josette Masle, and Anthony D.M. Glass*

Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z4 (B.N.K., S.R.R., M.Y.S., A.D.M.G.); and Environmental Biology, The Research School of Biological Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia (B.N.K., J.M.)

NH4+ acquisition by plant roots is thought to involve members of the NH4+ transporter family (AMT) found in plants, yeast, bacteria, and mammals. In Arabidopsis, there are six AMT genes of which AtAMT1;1 demonstrates the highest affinity for NH4+. Ammonium influx into roots and AtAMT1;1 mRNA expression levels are highly correlated diurnally and when plant nitrogen (N) status is varied. To further investigate the involvement of AtAMT1;1 in high-affinity NH4+ influx, we identified a homozygous T-DNA mutant with disrupted AtAMT1;1 activity. Contrary to expectation, high-affinity 13NH4+ influx in the amt1;1:T-DNA mutant was similar to the wild type when grown with adequate N. Removal of N to increase AtAMT1;1 expression decreased high-affinity 13NH4+ influx in the mutant by 30% compared with wild-type plants, whereas low-affinity 13NH4+ influx (250 µM-10 mM NH4+) exceeded that of wild-type plants. In these N-deprived plants, mRNA copy numbers of root AtAMT1;3 and AtAMT2;1 mRNA were significantly more increased in the mutant than in wild-type plants. Under most growth conditions, amt1;1:T-DNA plants were indistinguishable from the wild type, however, leaf morphology was altered. However, when grown with NH4+ and sucrose, the mutant grew poorly and died. Our results are the first in planta evidence that AtAMT1;1 is a root NH4+ transporter and that redundancies within the AMT family may allow compensation for the loss of AtAMT1;1.

1 This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (grant to A.D.M.G. and postdoctoral fellowship to B.N.K.).

* Corresponding author; e-mail aglass{at}unixg.ubc.ca; fax 604-822-6089.

© 2002 American Society of Plant Biologists


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