First published online January 9, 2003; 10.1104/pp.014258
Plant Physiol, February 2003, Vol. 131, pp. 507-515
The Maize Low-Phytic Acid Mutant lpa2 Is Caused by
Mutation in an Inositol Phosphate Kinase Gene
Jinrui
Shi,*
Hongyu
Wang,
Yunsheng
Wu,
Jan
Hazebroek,
Robert B.
Meeley, and
David S.
Ertl
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, P.O. Box 1004, Johnston, Iowa
50131
Reduced phytic acid content in seeds is a desired goal for genetic
improvement in several crops. Low-phytic acid mutants have been used in
genetic breeding, but it is not known what genes are responsible for
the low-phytic acid phenotype. Using a reverse genetics approach, we
found that the maize (Zea mays) low-phytic acid
lpa2 mutant is caused by mutation in an inositol
phosphate kinase gene. The maize inositol phosphate kinase (ZmIpk) gene was identified through sequence comparison with human and Arabidopsis Ins(1,3,4)P3 5/6-kinase genes. The purified recombinant
ZmIpk protein has kinase activity on several inositol polyphosphates, including Ins(1,3,4)P3, Ins(3,5,6)P3,
Ins(3,4,5,6)P4, and Ins(1,2,5,6)P4. The ZmIpk
mRNA is expressed in the embryo, the organ where phytic acid
accumulates in maize seeds. The ZmIpk Mutator insertion
mutants were identified from a Mutator F2
family. In the ZmIpk Mu insertion mutants, seed phytic
acid content is reduced approximately 30%, and inorganic phosphate is
increased about 3-fold. The mutants also accumulate
myo-inositol and inositol phosphates as in the lpa2 mutant. Allelic tests showed that the ZmIpk
Mu insertion mutants are allelic to the
lpa2. Southern-blot analysis, cloning, and sequencing of
the ZmIpk gene from lpa2 revealed that the
lpa2-1 allele is caused by the genomic sequence
rearrangement in the ZmIpk locus and the lpa2-2 allele
has a nucleotide mutation that generated a stop codon in the N-terminal
region of the ZmIpk open reading frame. These results provide evidence
that ZmIpk is one of the kinases responsible for phytic acid
biosynthesis in developing maize seeds.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail jinrui.shi{at}pioneer.com;
fax 515-254-2619.
© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists
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