First published online January 9, 2003; 10.1104/pp.013839
Plant Physiol, February 2003, Vol. 131, pp. 664-675
Combining Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis and an
Ecophysiological Model to Analyze the Genetic Variability of the
Responses of Maize Leaf Growth to Temperature and Water
Deficit1
Matthieu
Reymond,2
Bertrand
Muller,
Agnès
Leonardi,
Alain
Charcosset, and
François
Tardieu*
Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress
Environnementaux, (Institut National de la Recherche
Agronomique-Ecole Nationale Supérieure
d'Agronomie de Montpellier) 2, Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier
cedex, France (M.R., B.M., F.T.); and Station de Génétique
Végétale (Institut National de la Recherche
Agronomique/Université de Paris-Sud/Institut National Agronomique
Paris-Grignon) Ferme du Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (A.L.,
A.C.)
Ecophysiological models predict quantitative traits of one
genotype in any environment, whereas quantitative trait locus
(QTL) models predict the contribution of alleles to quantitative traits under a limited number of environments. We have combined both approaches by dissecting into effects of QTLs the parameters of a model
of maize (Zea mays) leaf elongation rate (LER; H. Ben Haj Salah, F. Tardieu [1997] Plant Physiol 114: 893-900).
Response curves of LER to meristem temperature, water vapor pressure
difference, and soil water status were established in 100 recombinant
inbred lines (RILs) of maize in six experiments carried out in the
field or in the greenhouse. All responses were linear and common to different experiments, consistent with the model. A QTL analysis was
carried out on the slopes of these responses by composite interval
mapping confirmed by bootstrap analysis. Most QTLs were specific of one
response only. QTLs of abscisic acid concentration in the xylem
sap colocalized with QTLs of response to soil water deficit and
conferred a low response. Each parameter of the ecophysiological model
was computed as the sum of QTL effects, allowing calculation of
parameters for 11 new RILs and two parental lines. LERs were simulated
and compared with measurements in a growth chamber experiment. The
combined model accounted for 74% of the variability of LER, suggesting
that it has a general value for any RIL under any environment.
1
This work was supported by Génoplante
(ZmS2P1 program: tolerance to water deficit in maize).
2
Present address: Laboratoire du Métabolisme
Carboné, Département d'Ecophysiologie Végétale
et de Microbiologie, Commissariat à l'Energie
Atomique, 13108 St. Paul lez Durance, France.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail
francois.tardieu{at}ensam.inra.fr; fax 33-467-522116.
© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists
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