First published online March 6, 2003; 10.1104/pp.102.014308
Plant Physiol, April 2003, Vol. 131, pp. 1638-1647
Disruption of Apyrases Inhibits Pollen Germination in
Arabidopsis1
Iris
Steinebrunner,
Jian
Wu,2
Yu
Sun,2
Ashley
Corbett, and
Stanley J.
Roux*
Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University
of Texas, 205 West 24th Street, Austin, Texas 78712-6700
In Arabidopsis, we previously identified two highly similar
apyrases, AtAPY1 and AtAPY2. Here, T-DNA knockout (KO) mutations of
each gene were isolated in a reverse genetic approach. The single KO
mutants lacked a discernible phenotype. The double KO mutants, however,
exhibited a complete inhibition of pollen germination, and this
correlated with positive -glucuronidase staining in the pollen of
apyrase promoter: -glucuronidase fusion transgenic lines. The vast
majority of the pollen grains of these mutants were identical to wild
type in size, shape, and nuclear state and were viable as assayed by
metabolic activity and plasma membrane integrity. Complementation with
either AtAPY1 or AtAPY2 cDNA rescued pollen germination, confirming
that the phenotype was apyrase specific. Despite the redundancy of the
two apyrases in rescue potential, transmission analyses suggested a
greater role for AtAPY2 in male gamete success. The effect of mutant
apyrase on the transmission through the female gametophyte was only
marginal, and embryo development appeared normal in the absence of
apyrases. The male-specific double KO mutation is fully penetrant and
shows that apyrases play a crucial role in pollen germination.
1
This work was supported by the National Science
Foundation (grant no. IBN-0080363) and by The Texas Higher Education
Coordinating Board.
2
These authors contributed equally to this work.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail sroux{at}uts.cc.utexas.edu; fax
512-232-3402.
© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists
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