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Plant Physiol, May 2003, Vol. 132, pp. 161-173

A Novel Family in Medicago truncatula Consisting of More Than 300 Nodule-Specific Genes Coding for Small, Secreted Polypeptides with Conserved Cysteine Motifs1,[w]

Peter Mergaert,2 Krisztina Nikovics,2 Zsolt Kelemen, Nicolas Maunoury, Danièle Vaubert, Adam Kondorosi, and Eva Kondorosi*

Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Transcriptome analysis of Medicago truncatula nodules has led to the discovery of a gene family named NCR (nodule-specific cysteine rich) with more than 300 members. The encoded polypeptides were short (60-90 amino acids), carried a conserved signal peptide, and, except for a conserved cysteine motif, displayed otherwise extensive sequence divergence. Family members were found in pea (Pisum sativum), broad bean (Vicia faba), white clover (Trifolium repens), and Galega orientalis but not in other plants, including other legumes, suggesting that the family might be specific for galegoid legumes forming indeterminate nodules. Gene expression of all family members was restricted to nodules except for two, also expressed in mycorrhizal roots. NCR genes exhibited distinct temporal and spatial expression patterns in nodules and, thus, were coupled to different stages of development. The signal peptide targeted the polypeptides in the secretory pathway, as shown by green fluorescent protein fusions expressed in onion (Allium cepa) epidermal cells. Coregulation of certain NCR genes with genes coding for a potentially secreted calmodulin-like protein and for a signal peptide peptidase suggests a concerted action in nodule development. Potential functions of the NCR polypeptides in cell-to-cell signaling and creation of a defense system are discussed.

1 This work was supported in part by "Action Puces à ADN-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique" (grant), by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Hungarian Academy of Sciences "Jumelage" program (fellowships to K.N. and Z.K.), and by the Ministère de la Recherche et de la Technologie (fellowship to N.M.).

2 These authors contributed equally to the paper.

[w] The online version of this article contains Web-only data. The supplemental material is available at www.plantphysiol.org.

* Corresponding author; e-mail eva.kondorosi{at}isv.cnrs-gif.fr; fax 33-1-69-82-36-95.

© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists


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