First published online May 8, 2003; 10.1104/pp.102.019802
Plant Physiology 132:597-605 (2003)
© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists
RESEARCH PAPERS ON SYSTEMS BIOLOGY/GENOMICS/BIOINFORMATICS
Transcriptome Profiling of Sulfur-Responsive Genes in Arabidopsis Reveals Global Effects of Sulfur Nutrition on Multiple Metabolic Pathways1,[w]
Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita2,
Eri Inoue2,
Akiko Watanabe-Takahashi,
Tomoyuki Yamaya and
Hideki Takahashi*
RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1722 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 2300045, Japan (A.M.-N., E.I., A.W.-T., T.Y., H.T.); and Tohoku University, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, 11 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9818555, Japan (T.Y.)
Sulfate is a macronutrient required for cell growth and development. Arabidopsis has two high-affinity sulfate transporters (SULTR1;1 and SULTR1;2) that represent the sulfate uptake activities at the root surface. Sulfur limitation (S) response relevant to the function of SULTR1;2 was elucidated in this study. We have isolated a novel T-DNA insertion allele defective in the SULTR1;2 sulfate transporter. This mutant, sel1-10, is allelic with the sel1 mutants identified previously in a screen for increased tolerance to selenate, a toxic analog of sulfate (Shibagaki et al., 2002). The abundance of SULTR1;1 mRNA was significantly increased in the sel1-10 mutant; however, this compensatory up-regulation of SULTR1;1 was not sufficient to restore the growth. The sulfate content of the mutant was 10% to 20% of the wild type, suggesting that induction of SULTR1;1 is not fully complementing the function of SULTR1;2 and that SULTR1;2 serves as the major facilitator for the acquisition of sulfate in Arabidopsis roots. Transcriptome analysis of approximately 8,000 Arabidopsis genes in the sel1-10 mutant suggested that dysfunction of the SULTR1;2 transporter can mimic general S symptoms. Hierarchal clustering of sulfur responsive genes in the wild type and mutant indicated that sulfate uptake, reductive sulfur assimilation, and turnover of secondary sulfur metabolites are activated under S. The profiles of S-responsive genes further suggested induction of genes that may alleviate oxidative damage and generation of reactive oxygen species caused by shortage of glutathione.
Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.102.019802.
1 This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.
[w] The online version of this article contains Web-only data. The supplemental material is available at http://www.plantphysiol.org.
2 These authors contributed equally to the paper.
* Corresponding author; e-mail hideki{at}postman.riken.go.jp; fax 81455039609.
Received December 26, 2002;
returned for revision January 27, 2003;
accepted March 20, 2003.
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