First published online June 12, 2003; 10.1104/pp.103.022798
Plant Physiology 132:1631-1641 (2003)
© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists
ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AND ADAPTATION
The Function of Ascorbate Oxidase in Tobacco1
Cristina Pignocchi,
John M. Fletcher,
Joy E. Wilkinson,
Jeremy D. Barnes and
Christine H. Foyer*
Crop Performance and Improvement Division, Rothamsted Research,
Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (C.P., C.H.F.); Unilever Research,
Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford, MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom (J.M.F.,
J.E.W.); and Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Newcastle
University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom (J.D.B.)
The function of the apoplastic enzyme ascorbate oxidase (AO) was
investigated in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The abundance of AO mRNA
was up-regulated by light. Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (APX1) transcripts
were also highest in the light. In contrast,
L-galactono- -lactone dehydrogenase, stromal APX, and
thylakoid APX transcripts remained constant over the day/night cycle.
Salicylic acid inhibited growth, increased expression of the
pathogenesis-related protein (PR) 1a, and decreased AO transcript abundance.
In contrast, the application of auxin enhanced growth and increased AO and PR
1a gene expression. Therefore, AO transcript abundance varied in a manner
similar to hormone-mediated changes in plant growth. To study the effects of
modified AO expression on growth, transformed tobacco plants expressing AO in
the sense and antisense orientations were generated. The resultant large
changes in apoplastic AO activity in the transformed tobacco plants had little
effect on whole leaf ascorbate (AA) content, but they had dramatic effects on
apoplastic AA levels. Enhanced AO activity oxidized the apoplastic AA pool,
whereas decreased AO activity increased the amount of AA compared with
dehydroascorbate. A relationship was observed between AO activity and plant
height and biomass. Native AO transcript levels were no longer subject to
light/dark regulation in AO sense and antisense plants. Taken together, these
data show that there is an interaction between hormone, redox, and light
signals at the level of the apoplast via modulation of ion of AA content.
Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at
www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.103.022798.
1 This work was supported by Unilever Foods.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail
christine.foyer{at}bbsrc.ac.uk;
fax 01582763010.
Received February 28, 2003;
returned for revision March 23, 2003;
accepted April 6, 2003.
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