Plant Physiology 132:1973-1981 (2003)
© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists
PLANTS INTERACTING WITH OTHER ORGANISMS
Induction of Hypersensitive Cell Death by Hydrogen Peroxide Produced through Polyamine Degradation in Tobacco Plants1
Hiroshi Yoda,
Yube Yamaguchi and
Hiroshi Sano*
Research and Education Center for Genetic Information, Nara Institute of
Science and Technology, Nara 630–0192, Japan
Screening immediate-early responding genes during the hypersensitive
response (HR) against tobacco mosaic virus infection in tobacco (Nicotiana
tabacum) plants, we identified a gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase.
Subsequent analyses showed that other genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis
were also up-regulated, resulting in the accumulation of polyamines in
apoplasts of tobacco mosaic virus-infected leaves. Inhibitors of polyamine
biosynthesis,  -difluoromethyl-ornithine, however, suppressed
accumulation of polyamines, and the rate of HR was reduced. In contrast,
polyamine infiltration into a healthy leaf induced the generation of hydrogen
peroxide and simultaneously caused HR-like cell death. Polyamine oxidase
activity in the apoplast increased up to 3-fold that of the basal level during
the HR, and its suppression with a specific inhibitor, guazatine, resulted in
reduced HR. Because it is established that hydrogen peroxide is one of the
degradation products of polyamines, these results indicate that one of the
biochemical events in the HR is production of polyamines, whose degradation
induces hydrogen peroxide, eventually resulting in hypersensitive cell
death.
Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at
www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.103.024737.
1 This work was supported by the Research for the Future Program of the Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science (grant no. JSPS-RFTF00L01604).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail
sano{at}gtc.aist-nara.ac.jp;
fax 81–743–72–5659.
Received April 2, 2003;
returned for revision April 24, 2003;
accepted May 9, 2003.
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