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Agrobacterium-Mediated Root Transformation Is Inhibited by Mutation of an Arabidopsis Cellulose Synthase-Like Gene¹

Departments of Biological Sciences (Y.Z., J.N., S.B.G.) and Botany and Plant Pathology (N.C.C.), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; and Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (A.G.M.)

Agrobacterium-mediated plant genetic transformation involves a complex interaction between the bacterium and the host plant. Relatively little is known about the role plant genes and proteins play in this process. We previously identified an Arabidopsis mutant, rat4, that is resistant to Agrobacterium transformation. We show here that rat4 contains a T-DNA insertion into the 3'-untranslated region of the cellulose synthase-like gene CSLA9. CSLA9 transcripts are greatly reduced in the rat4 mutant. Genetic complementation of rat4 with wild-type genomic copies of the CSLA9 gene restores both transformation competence and the wild-type level of CSLA9 transcripts. The CSLA9 promoter shows a distinct pattern of expression in Arabidopsis plants. In particular, the promoter is active in the elongation zone of roots, the root tissue that we previously showed is most susceptible to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Disruption of the CSLA9 gene in the rat4 mutant results in reduced numbers and rate of growth of lateral roots and reduced ability of the roots to bind A. tumefaciens cells under certain conditions. No major differences in the linkage structure of the non-cellulosic polysaccharides could be traced to the defective CSLA9 gene.

¹ This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Plant Genome grant nos. 99–75715 to S.B.G. and DBI–0217552 to N.C.C.) and by the Department of Energy (grant no. DE–FG02–00ER15074 to A.G.M.). This is paper no. 17,208 of the Purdue Agricultural Experiment Station.

² Present address: Faculty of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Dong-A University, Pusan 604–714, South Korea.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail gelvin{at}bilbo.bio.purdue.edu; fax 765–496–1496.

Received July 24, 2003; returned for revision September 1, 2003; accepted September 1, 2003.

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