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DEVELOPMENT AND HORMONE ACTION

Brassinolide Induces IAA5, IAA19, and DR5, a Synthetic Auxin Response Element in Arabidopsis, Implying a Cross Talk Point of Brassinosteroid and Auxin Signaling

Plant Science Center, RIKEN, Suehirocho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (A.N., H.G., Y.S., S.Y.); Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan (K.H., T.K.); Plant Functions Lab., RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan (M.T.F., S.Y.); Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan (S.S.); and Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama 338-8570, Japan (A.N., S.Y.)

Despite numerous physiological studies addressing the interactions between brassinosteroids (BRs) and auxins, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. We studied the expression of IAA5 and IAA19 in response to treatment with indole acetic acid (IAA) or brassinolide (BL), the most active BR. Exogenous IAA induced these genes quickly and transiently, whereas exogenous BL induced them gradually and continuously. We also found that a fusion of DR5, a synthetic auxin response element, with the GUS (-glucuronidase) gene was induced with similar kinetics to those of the IAA5 and IAA19 genes in response to both IAA and BL treatment of transgenic plants. These results suggest that the IAA genes are induced by BL, at least in part, via the activation of the auxin response element. Endogenous IAA levels per gram fresh weight did not increase when seedlings of Arabidopsis wild type (WT) or the BR-deficient mutant det2 were treated with BL. Furthermore, the levels of IAA transcripts were lower in the det2 mutant than in the WT, even though endogenous IAA levels per gram fresh weight were higher in the det2 mutant than in the WT. In conclusion, the lack of evidence for auxin-mediated activation of early auxin-inducible genes in response to BL suggests that the BR and auxin signaling pathways independently activate the transcriptional system of the IAA and DR5-GUS genes.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail shimada{at}postman.riken.go.jp; fax 81-45-503-9492.

Received July 10, 2003; returned for revision August 18, 2003; accepted September 7, 2003.

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