First published online November 26, 2003; 10.1104/pp.103.031237
Plant Physiology 133:1911-1925 (2003)
© 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists
GENETICS, GENOMICS, AND MOLECULAR EVOLUTION
The Fasciclin-Like Arabinogalactan Proteins of Arabidopsis. A Multigene Family of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules1
Kim L. Johnson,
Brian J. Jones,
Antony Bacic and
Carolyn J. Schultz*
Plant Cell Biology Research Centre, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, 3010 Victoria, Australia (K.L.J., B.J.J., A.B.); and School of Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, 5064 South Australia, Australia (C.J.S.)
Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs) are a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) that have, in addition to predicted AGP-like glycosylated regions, putative cell adhesion domains known as fasciclin domains. In other eukaryotes (e.g. fruitfly [Drosophila melanogaster] and humans [Homo sapiens]), fasciclin domain-containing proteins are involved in cell adhesion. There are at least 21 FLAs in the annotated Arabidopsis genome. Despite the deduced proteins having low overall similarity, sequence analysis of the fasciclin domains in Arabidopsis FLAs identified two highly conserved regions that define this motif, suggesting that the cell adhesion function is conserved. We show that FLAs precipitate with  -glucosyl Yariv reagent, indicating that they share structural characteristics with AGPs. Fourteen of the FLA family members are predicted to be C-terminally substituted with a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, a cleavable form of membrane anchor for proteins, indicating different FLAs may have different developmental roles. Publicly available microarray and expressed sequence tag data were used to select FLAs for further expression analysis. RNA gel blots for a number of FLAs indicate that they are likely to be important during plant development and in response to abiotic stress. FLAs 1,2, and 8 show a rapid decrease in mRNA abundance in response to the phytohormone abscisic acid. Also, the accumulation of FLA1 and FLA2 transcripts differs during callus and shoot development, indicating that the proteins may be significant in the process of competence acquisition and induction of shoot development.
1 This work was supported by the Australian Research Council (Large Grant no. A10020017) and by the University of Melbourne (research scholarship to K.L.J.).
Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.103.031237.
* Corresponding author; email carolyn.schultz{at}adelaide.edu.au; fax 61-8-8303-7102.
Received August 1, 2003;
returned for revision August 20, 2003;
accepted August 28, 2003.
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