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DEVELOPMENT AND HORMONE ACTION

Transient Exposure to Ethylene Stimulates Cell Division and Alters the Fate and Polarity of Hypocotyl Epidermal Cells¹

Department of Biology, International Christian University, Mitaka, Tokyo 181–8585, Japan (H.K., H.D.); Plant Cell Biology Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (H.K., G.O.W.); School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464–8601, Japan (H.I.); and Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 (G.O.W.)

After transient exposure to the gaseous hormone ethylene, dark-grown cucumber (Cucumis sativus) hypocotyls developed unusual features. Upon ethylene's removal, the developing epidermis showed significant increases in cell division rates, producing an abundance of guard cells and trichomes. These responses to ethylene depended on the stage of development at the time of ethylene exposure. In the upper region of the hypocotyl, where cells were least differentiated at the onset of ethylene treatment, complex, multicellular protuberances formed. Further down the hypocotyl, where stomata and trichomes were beginning to develop at the onset of ethylene exposure, an increase in the number of stomata and trichomes was observed. Stomatal complexes developing after the ethylene treatment had a significant increase in the number of stomatal subsidiary cells and the number of cells per trichome increased. Analysis of division patterns in stomatal complexes indicated that exposure to ethylene either suspended or altered cell fate. Ethylene also altered cell division polarity, resulting in aberrant stomatal complexes and branched trichomes. To our knowledge, the results of this study demonstrate for the first time that transient treatment with physiological concentrations of ethylene can alter cell fate and increase the propensity of cells to divide.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.103.031088

^* Corresponding author; e-mail kazama{at}icu.ac.jp; fax 81–(0)422–331449.

Received July 30, 2003; returned for revision October 1, 2003; accepted January 3, 2004.

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