Plant Physiol.
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First published online June 1, 2004; 10.1104/pp.104.038984

Plant Physiology 135:859-866 (2004)
© 2004 American Society of Plant Biologists

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BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES AND MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES

Expression of the Isochrysis C18-{Delta}9 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Specific Elongase Component Alters Arabidopsis Glycerolipid Profiles1

Thomas Colin Michael Fraser2,*, Baoxiu Qi2, Salah Elhussein, Sunantha Chatrattanakunchai, Allan Keith Stobart and Colin Michael Lazarus

School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UG, United Kingdom (T.C.M.F., S.C., A.K.S., C.M.L.); Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom (B.O.); and National Oilseed Processing Research Institute, University of Gezira, Medani, Sudan (S.E.)

A cDNA isolated from the prymnesiophyte micro-alga Isochrysis galbana, designated IgASE1, encodes a fatty acid elongating component that is specific for linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and {alpha}-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3). Constitutive expression of IgASE1 in Arabidopsis resulted in the accumulation of eicosadienoic acid (EDA; C20:2n-6) and eicosatrienoic acid (ETrA; C20:3n-3) in all tissues examined, with no visible effects on plant morphology. Positional analysis of the various lipid classes indicated that these novel fatty acids were largely excluded from the sn-2 position of chloroplast galactolipids and seed triacylglycerol, whereas they were enriched in the same position in phosphatidylcholine. EDA and ETrA are precursors of arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3) synthesized via the so-called {omega}6 {Delta}8 desaturase and {omega}3 {Delta}8 desaturase biosynthetic pathways, respectively. The synthesis of significant quantities of EDA and ETrA in a higher plant is therefore a key step in the production of very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid in oil-seed species. The results are further discussed in terms of prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathways of lipid synthesis in plants.

1 This work was supported by the Leverhulme Trust (U.K.).

2 These authors contributed equally to the paper.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.038984.

* Corresponding author; e-mail t.c.m.fraser{at}bristol.ac.uk; fax 00441179257374.

Received January 14, 2004; returned for revision March 27, 2004; accepted March 31, 2004.


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Plant Physiol. 2004 135: 599-600. [Full Text]  





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