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First published online July 9, 2004; 10.1104/pp.104.038893

Plant Physiology 135:1407-1416 (2004)
© 2004 American Society of Plant Biologists

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CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Green Light Stimulates Early Stem Elongation, Antagonizing Light-Mediated Growth Inhibition1

Kevin M. Folta*

Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program and Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611

During the transition from darkness to light, the rate of hypocotyl elongation is determined from the integration of light signals sensed through the phototropin, cryptochrome, and phytochrome signaling pathways. In all light conditions studied, from UV to far-red, early hypocotyl growth is rapidly and robustly suppressed within minutes of illumination in a manner dependent upon light quality and quantity. In this study, it is shown that green light (GL) irradiation leads to a rapid increase in the growth rate of etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings. GL-mediated growth promotion was detected in response to constant irradiation or a short, single pulse of light with a similar time course. The response has a threshold between 10–1 and 100 µmol m–2, is saturated before 102 µmol m–2 and obeys reciprocity. Genetic analyses indicate that the cryptochrome or phototropin photoreceptors do not participate in the response. The major phytochrome receptors influence the normal amplitude and timing of the GL response, yet the GL response is normal in seedlings grown for hours under constant dim-red light. Therefore, phytochrome activation enhances, but is not required for, the GL response. Seedlings grown under green, red, and blue light together are longer than those grown under red and blue alone. These data indicate that a novel GL-activated light sensor promotes early stem elongation that antagonizes growth inhibition.

1 This work was supported by the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, initiated with support from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (postdoctoral award 2001–35304–10851), completed with support from NASA-SABRE (NAG10–316), and approved for publication as Journal Series Number R–10303.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.038893.

* E-mail kfolta{at}ifas.ufl.edu; fax 352–392–5653.

Received January 13, 2004; returned for revision April 30, 2004; accepted May 19, 2004.


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