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DEVELOPMENT AND HORMONE ACTION

Organ Polarity in Arabidopsis. NOZZLE Physically Interacts with Members of the YABBY Family¹

Institute of Plant Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland, (P.S., K.S.); and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland (M.P., A.B.)

Plant lateral organs exhibit proximal-distal and adaxial-abaxial polarity. In Arabidopsis, abaxial cell fate is regulated in part by putative transcription factors of the YABBY family, such as FILAMENTOUS FLOWER (FIL) and INNER NO OUTER (INO), by a mechanism that currently is not fully understood. NOZZLE (NZZ) encodes a plant-specific nuclear protein. Genetic evidence has shown that NZZ is involved in the positive feedback regulation of INO, thereby acting both as a temporal and spatial repressor of INO transcription. This mechanism allows the ovule primordium to complete its proximal-distal organization, prior to the onset of adaxial-abaxial development in the chalaza. During our study, we isolated FIL in a yeast two-hybrid screen using NZZ as bait. In vitro pull-down experiments confirmed the NZZ-FIL interaction. NZZ also bound INO and YABBY3, suggesting that NZZ generally interacts with YABBY proteins in vitro. The polar-charged region of NZZ was necessary and sufficient to bind to the zinc finger of INO and to interact with its C terminus carrying the high mobility group-like domain. We suggest that NZZ coordinates proximal-distal patterning and adaxial-abaxial polarity establishment in the developing ovule by directly binding to INO.

² Present address: Division of Biology 156–29, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125.

³ Present address: HHMI, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, A3–020, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109–1024.

⁴ Present address: ESBATech AG, Wagistr. 21, 8952 Zurich-Schlieren, Switzerland.

⁵ Present address: Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Am Hochanger, 4, 85354 Freising, Germany.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.040154.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail schneitz{at}wzw.tum.de; fax 49–(0)8161–713337.

Received January 31, 2004; returned for revision April 21, 2004; accepted April 25, 2004.

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