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PLANT NUTRITION

Regulation of Sulfate Uptake and Expression of Sulfate Transporter Genes in Brassica oleracea as Affected by Atmospheric H₂S and Pedospheric Sulfate Nutrition¹

Crop Performance and Improvement Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (P.B., M.J.H.); Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Groningen, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands (C.E.E.S., S.W., L.J.D.K.); and Institute of Plant Science, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., R.H.)

Demand-driven signaling will contribute to regulation of sulfur acquisition and distribution within the plant. To investigate the regulatory mechanisms pedospheric sulfate and atmospheric H₂S supply were manipulated in Brassica oleracea. Sulfate deprivation of B. oleracea seedlings induced a rapid increase of the sulfate uptake capacity by the roots, accompanied by an increased expression of genes encoding specific sulfate transporters in roots and other plant parts. More prolonged sulfate deprivation resulted in an altered shoot-root partitioning of biomass in favor of the root. B. oleracea was able to utilize atmospheric H₂S as S-source; however, root proliferation and increased sulfate transporter expression occurred as in S-deficient plants. It was evident that in B. oleracea there was a poor shoot to root signaling for the regulation of sulfate uptake and expression of the sulfate transporters. cDNAs corresponding to 12 different sulfate transporter genes representing the complete gene family were isolated from Brassica napus and B. oleracea species. The sequence analysis classified the Brassica sulfate transporter genes into four different groups. The expression of the different sulfate transporters showed a complex pattern of tissue specificity and regulation by sulfur nutritional status. The sulfate transporter genes of Groups 1, 2, and 4 were induced or up-regulated under sulfate deprivation, although the expression of Group 3 sulfate transporters was not affected by the sulfate status. The significance of sulfate, thiols, and O-acetylserine as possible signal compounds in the regulation of the sulfate uptake and expression of the transporter genes is evaluated.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.046441.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail peter.buchner{at}bbsrc.ac.uk; fax 44–1582–763010.

Received May 14, 2004; returned for revision June 9, 2004; accepted June 14, 2004.

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