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CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Ca²⁺ Dynamics in a Pollen Grain and Papilla Cell during Pollination of Arabidopsis¹

Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630–0101, Japan (M.I., H.S., T.M., F.-S.C., S.T., A.I.); and The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351–0198, Japan (T.N., A.M.)

Ca²⁺ dynamics in the growing pollen tube have been well documented in vitro using germination assays and Ca²⁺ imaging techniques. However, very few in vivo studies of Ca²⁺ in the pollen grain and papilla cell during pollination have been performed. We expressed yellow cameleon, a Ca²⁺ indicator based on green fluorescent protein, in the pollen grains and papilla cells of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and monitored Ca²⁺ dynamics during pollination. In the pollen grain, [Ca²⁺]_cyt increased at the potential germination site soon after hydration and remained augmented until germination. As in previous in vitro germination studies, [Ca²⁺]_cyt oscillations were observed in the tip region of the growing pollen tube, but the oscillation frequency was faster and [Ca²⁺]_cyt was higher than had been observed in vitro. In the pollinated papilla cell, remarkable increases in [Ca²⁺]_cyt occurred three times in succession, just under the site of pollen-grain attachment. [Ca²⁺]_cyt increased first soon after pollen hydration, with a second increase occurring after pollen protrusion. The third and most remarkable [Ca²⁺]_cyt increase took place when the pollen tube penetrated into the papilla cell wall.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.046961.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail m-iwano{at}bs.naist.jp; fax 81–743–72–5459.

Received May 25, 2004; returned for revision August 8, 2004; accepted August 9, 2004.

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