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CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Differential Expression on a Daily Basis of Plastid Sigma Factor Genes from the Moss Physcomitrella patens. Regulatory Interactions among PpSig5, the Circadian Clock, and Blue Light Signaling Mediated by Cryptochromes¹

Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464–8601, Japan (K.I., S.A.); Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464–8602, Japan (M.S.); Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192–0397, Japan (T.I., M.W.); and National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444–8585, Japan (T.I., M.W.)

The nuclear-encoded plastid sigma factors are supposed to be a regulatory subunit of the multisubunit bacteria-type plastid RNA polymerase. We studied here whether or not three genes, PpSig1, PpSig2, and PpSig5 encoding plastid sigma factors, are controlled by the circadian clock and/or by blue light signaling in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Among the three PpSig genes, only PpSig5 was clearly controlled by the circadian clock. In contrast to the differential regulation on a daily timescale, a pulse of blue light induced the expression of all the three PpSig genes. This induction was significantly reduced in a knockout mutant that lacked the blue light photoreceptor cryptochromes PpCRY1a and PpCRY1b, indicating that PpCRY1a and/or PpCRY1b mediate the blue light signal that induces the expression of the PpSig genes. In a daily cycle of 12-h blue light/12-h dark, the timing of peak expression of PpSig5 and a chloroplast gene psbD, encoding the D2 subunit of photosystem II, advanced in the cryptochrome mutant relative to those in the wild type, suggesting the presence of regulatory interactions among the expression of PpSig5 and psbD, the circadian clock, and the blue light signaling mediated by the cryptochrome(s).

² Present address: Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.053033.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail aoki{at}is.nagoya-u.ac.jp; fax 81–52–789–5376.

Received September 6, 2004; returned for revision October 8, 2004; accepted October 11, 2004.

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