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First published online January 21, 2005; 10.1104/pp.104.050294

Plant Physiology 137:692-699 (2005)
© 2005 American Society of Plant Biologists

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BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES AND MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES

Wound-Inducible Biosynthesis of Phytoalexin Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amides of Tyramine in Tryptophan and Tyrosine Decarboxylase Transgenic Tobacco Lines1

Gabriel Guillet2 and Vincenzo De Luca3,*

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7

The wound-activated biosynthesis of phytoalexin hydroxycinnamic acid amides of tyramine was compared in untransformed and transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) lines that express tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), tyrosine decarboxylase (TYDC), or both activities. Transgenic in vitro-grown tobacco lines expressing TDC activity accumulated high levels of tryptamine but not hydroxycinnamic amides of tryptamine. In contrast, transgenic tobacco lines expressing TYDC accumulated tyramine as well as p-coumaroyltyramine and feruloyltyramine. The MeOH-soluble and cell wall fractions showed higher concentrations of wound-inducible p-coumaroyltyramine and feruloyltyramine, especially at and around wound sites, in TYDC and TDC xTYDC tobacco lines compared to wild-type or TDC lines. All the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of hydroxycinnamic acid amides of tyramine were found to be similarly wound inducible in all tobacco genotypes investigated. These results provide experimental evidence that, under some circumstances, TYDC activity can exert a rate-limiting control over the carbon flux allocated to the biosynthesis of hydroxycinnamic acid amides of tyramine.

1 This work was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (research grant to V.D.L. and postdoctoral fellowship to G.G.).

2 Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5.

3 Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.050294.

* Corresponding author; e-mail vdeluca{at}brocku.ca; fax 905–688–1855.

Received July 21, 2004; returned for revision October 8, 2004; accepted October 11, 2004.

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