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First published online February 25, 2005; 10.1104/pp.104.057646

Plant Physiology 137:931-938 (2005)
© 2005 American Society of Plant Biologists

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DEVELOPMENT AND HORMONE ACTION

A Novel Dwarfing Mutation in a Green Revolution Gene from Brassica rapa1

Amorntip Muangprom, Stephen G. Thomas2, Tai-ping Sun* and Thomas C. Osborn3

Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (S.G.T., T.-p.S.); Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (A.M., T.C.O.); and National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand (A.M.)

Mutations in the biosynthesis or signaling pathways of gibberellin (GA) can cause dwarfing phenotypes in plants, and the use of such mutations in plant breeding was a major factor in the success of the Green Revolution. DELLA proteins are GA signaling repressors whose functions are conserved in different plant species. Recent studies show that GA promotes stem growth by causing degradation of DELLA proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. The most widely utilized dwarfing alleles in wheat (Triticum aestivum; e.g. Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b) encode GA-resistant forms of a DELLA protein that function as dominant and constitutively active repressors of stem growth. All of the previously identified dominant DELLA repressors from several plant species contain N-terminal mutations. Here we report on a novel dwarf mutant from Brassica rapa (Brrga1-d) that is caused by substitution of a conserved amino acid in the C-terminal domain of a DELLA protein. Brrga1-d, like N-terminal DELLA mutants, retains its repressor function and accumulates to high levels, even in the presence of GA. However, unlike wild-type and N-terminal DELLA mutants, Brrga1-d does not interact with a protein component required for degradation, suggesting that the mutated amino acid causes dwarfism by preventing an interaction needed for its degradation. This novel mutation confers nondeleterious dwarf phenotypes when transferred to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and oilseed rape (Brassica napus), indicating its potential usefulness in other crop species.

1 This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems (grant to T.C.O.), by Bayer CropScience (grant to T.C.O.), and by the National Science Foundation (grant nos. IBN–0078003 and IBN–0235656 to T.-p.S.). A.M. was supported in part by a scholarship from the Royal Thai government.

2 Present address: Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK.

3 Present address: Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc., 37437 State Highway 16, Woodland, CA 95695.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.057646.

* Corresponding author; e-mail tps{at}duke.edu; fax 919–613–8177.

Received December 2, 2004; returned for revision January 11, 2005; accepted January 11, 2005.




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