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First published online February 25, 2005; 10.1104/pp.104.055087

Plant Physiology 137:983-997 (2005)
© 2005 American Society of Plant Biologists

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GENETICS, GENOMICS, AND MOLECULAR EVOLUTION

Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Involved in the Secondary Cell Wall Biogenesis in Hybrid Aspen1

Henrik Aspeborg, Jarmo Schrader, Pedro M. Coutinho, Mark Stam, Åsa Kallas, Soraya Djerbi, Peter Nilsson, Stuart Denman2, Bahram Amini, Fredrik Sterky, Emma Master, Göran Sandberg, Ewa Mellerowicz, Björn Sundberg, Bernard Henrissat and Tuula T. Teeri*

Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, AlbaNova University Center, SE–10691 Stockholm, Sweden (H.A., A.K., S. Djerbi, P.N., S. Denman, B.A., F.S., E. Master, T.T.T.); Umea Plant Science Center, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, SE–90183 Umea, Sweden (J.S., G.S., E. Mellerowicz, B.S.); and Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6098, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Universities of Aix-Marseille I and II, 13402 Marseille cedex 20, France (P.M.C., M.S., B.H.)

Wood formation is a fundamental biological process with significant economic interest. While lignin biosynthesis is currently relatively well understood, the pathways leading to the synthesis of the key structural carbohydrates in wood fibers remain obscure. We have used a functional genomics approach to identify enzymes involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis and remodeling during xylem development in the hybrid aspen Populus tremula x tremuloides. Microarrays containing cDNA clones from different tissue-specific libraries were hybridized with probes obtained from narrow tissue sections prepared by cryosectioning of the developing xylem. Bioinformatic analyses using the sensitive tools developed for carbohydrate-active enzymes allowed the identification of 25 xylem-specific glycosyltransferases belonging to the Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme families GT2, GT8, GT14, GT31, GT43, GT47, and GT61 and nine glycosidases (or transglycosidases) belonging to the Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme families GH9, GH10, GH16, GH17, GH19, GH28, GH35, and GH51. While no genes encoding either polysaccharide lyases or carbohydrate esterases were found among the secondary wall-specific genes, one putative O-acetyltransferase was identified. These wood-specific enzyme genes constitute a valuable resource for future development of engineered fibers with improved performance in different applications.

1 This work was supported by the Wallenberg Foundation and the European Union (project no. QLK5–CT2001–00443).

2 Present address: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Livestock Industries, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.055087.

* Corresponding author; e-mail tuula{at}biotech.kth.se; fax 46–8–5537–8483.

Received October 15, 2004; returned for revision December 28, 2004; accepted January 6, 2005.




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