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ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AND ADAPTATION

Tocopherols Protect Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803 from Lipid Peroxidation¹

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (H.M., D.D.P.), Cell and Molecular Biology Program (H.M., D.D.P.), and Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory (H.M.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 (Y.S., D.A.B.)

Tocopherols (vitamin E) are lipid-soluble antioxidants synthesized only by photosynthetic eukaryotes and some cyanobacteria, and have been assumed to play important roles in protecting photosynthetic membranes from oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, tocopherol-deficient mutants of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 (slr1736 and slr1737 mutants) were challenged with a series of reactive oxygen species-generating and lipid peroxidation-inducing chemicals in combination with high-light (HL) intensity stress. The tocopherol-deficient mutants and wild type were indistinguishable in their growth responses to HL in the presence and absence of superoxide and singlet oxygen-generating chemicals. However, the mutants showed enhanced sensitivity to linoleic or linolenic acid treatments in combination with HL, consistent with tocopherols playing a crucial role in protecting Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 cells from lipid peroxidation. The tocopherol-deficient mutants were also more susceptible to HL treatment in the presence of sublethal levels of norflurazon, an inhibitor of carotenoid synthesis, suggesting carotenoids and tocopherols functionally interact or have complementary or overlapping roles in protecting Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 from lipid peroxidation and HL stress.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.105.061135.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail dellapen{at}msu.edu; fax 517–353–9334.

Received February 10, 2005; returned for revision March 24, 2005; accepted March 24, 2005.

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