First published online August 19, 2005; 10.1104/pp.105.061887
Plant Physiology 139:101-114 (2005)
© 2005 American Society of Plant Biologists
CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
A Plant-Specific Protein Essential for Blue-Light-Induced Chloroplast Movements1
Stacy L. DeBlasio,
Darron L. Luesse and
Roger P. Hangarter*
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), light-dependent chloroplast movements are induced by blue light. When exposed to low fluence rates of light, chloroplasts accumulate in periclinal layers perpendicular to the direction of light, presumably to optimize light absorption by exposing more chloroplast area to the light. Under high light conditions, chloroplasts become positioned parallel to the incoming light in a response that can reduce exposure to light intensities that may damage the photosynthetic machinery. To identify components of the pathway downstream of the photoreceptors that mediate chloroplast movements (i.e. phototropins), we conducted a mutant screen that has led to the isolation of several Arabidopsis mutants displaying altered chloroplast movements. The plastid movement impaired1 (pmi1) mutant exhibits severely attenuated chloroplast movements under all tested fluence rates of light, suggesting that it is a necessary component for both the low- and high-light-dependant chloroplast movement responses. Analysis of pmi1 leaf cross sections revealed that regardless of the light condition, chloroplasts are more evenly distributed in leaf mesophyll cells than in the wild type. The pmi1-1 mutant was found to contain a single nonsense mutation within the open reading frame of At1g42550. This gene encodes a plant-specific protein of unknown function that appears to be conserved among angiosperms. Sequence analysis of the protein suggests that it may be involved in calcium-mediated signal transduction, possibly through protein–protein interactions.
1 This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (IBN–0080783) and a U.S. Department of Agriculture National Needs Fellowship (98–38420–584).
Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.105.061887.
* Corresponding author; e-mail rhangart{at}indiana.edu; fax 812–855–6082.
Received March 9, 2005;
returned for revision May 25, 2005;
accepted May 25, 2005.
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