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PLANTS INTERACTING WITH OTHER ORGANISMS

Pseudomonas fluorescens and Glomus mosseae Trigger DMI3-Dependent Activation of Genes Related to a Signal Transduction Pathway in Roots of Medicago truncatula¹

Unité Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 1088/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Centre de Microbiologie du Sol et de l'Environnement, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cedex, France

Plant genes induced during early root colonization of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. J5 by a growth-promoting strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens (C7R12) have been identified by suppressive subtractive hybridization. Ten M. truncatula genes, coding proteins associated with a putative signal transduction pathway, showed an early and transient activation during initial interactions between M. truncatula and P. fluorescens, up to 8 d after root inoculation. Gene expression was not significantly enhanced, except for one gene, in P. fluorescens-inoculated roots of a Myc^–Nod^– genotype (TRV25) of M. truncatula mutated for the DMI3 (syn. MtSYM13) gene. This gene codes a Ca²⁺ and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, indicating a possible role of calcium in the cellular interactions between M. truncatula and P. fluorescens. When expression of the 10 plant genes was compared in early stages of root colonization by mycorrhizal and rhizobial microsymbionts, Glomus mosseae activated all 10 genes, whereas Sinorhizobium meliloti only activated one and inhibited four others. None of the genes responded to inoculation by either microsymbiont in roots of the TRV25 mutant. The similar response of the M. truncatula genes to P. fluorescens and G. mosseae points to common molecular pathways in the perception of the microbial signals by plant roots.

² Present address: Unité Mixte de Recherche 6191 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique/Université de la Méditerranée, Département Ecophysiologie Végétale et de Microbiologie/Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Cadarache 13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.105.067603.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail vivienne.gianinazzi-pearson{at}epoisses.inra.fr; fax 333–80–69–37–53.

Received June 23, 2005; returned for revision June 23, 2005; accepted July 13, 2005.

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