OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

This Article Free via Open Access: OA OA Full Text Full Text (PDF) OA All Versions of this Article: 139/4/1995    most recent pp.105.071589v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in Plant Physiol. Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Web of Science (24) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Bölling, C. Articles by Fiehn, O. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bölling, C. Articles by Fiehn, O. Agricola Articles by Bölling, C. Articles by Fiehn, O.

ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AND ADAPTATION TO STRESS

Metabolite Profiling of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under Nutrient Deprivation^1,[OA]

Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany

A metabolite profiling technique for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells for multiparallel analysis of low-molecular weight polar compounds was developed. The experimental protocol was optimized to quickly inactivate enzymatic activity, achieve maximum extraction capacity, and process large sample quantities. As a result of the rapid sampling, extraction, and analysis by gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry, more than 800 analytes from a single sample could be measured, of which more than 100 could be identified. Analyte responses could be determined mostly with SEs less than 10%. Wild-type cells of C. reinhardtii strain CC-125 subjected to nitrogen-, phosphorus-, sulfur-, or iron-depleted growth conditions develop highly distinctive metabolite profiles. Individual metabolites undergo marked changes in their steady-state levels. Compared to control conditions, sulfur-depleted cells accumulated 4-hydroxyproline more than 50-fold, whereas the amount of 2-ketovaline was reduced to 2% of control levels. The contribution of each compound to the differences observed in the metabolic phenotypes is summarized in a quantitatively rigorous way by principal component analysis, which clearly discriminates the cells from different growth regimes and indicates that phosphorus-depleted conditions induce a deficiency syndrome quite different from the response to nitrogen, sulfur, or iron starvation.

² Present address: University of California Davis Genome Center, 4321 GBSF Building, Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Christian Bölling (boelling{at}mpimp-golm.mpg.de).

^[OA] Open Access articles can be viewed online without a subscription.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.105.071589.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail boelling{at}mpimp-golm.mpg.de; fax 49–(0)331–567–8250.

Received September 16, 2005; returned for revision September 16, 2005; accepted October 13, 2005.

Related articles in Plant Physiol.:

On the Inside

Peter V. Minorsky
Plant Physiol. 2005 139: 1571-1572. [Full Text]  

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. L. Moseley, D. Gonzalez-Ballester, W. Pootakham, S. Bailey, and A. R. Grossman Genetic Interactions Between Regulators of Chlamydomonas Phosphorus and Sulfur Deprivation Responses Genetics, March 1, 2009; 181(3): 889 - 905. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. May, S. Wienkoop, S. Kempa, B. Usadel, N. Christian, J. Rupprecht, J. Weiss, L. Recuenco-Munoz, O. Ebenhoh, W. Weckwerth, et al. Metabolomics- and Proteomics-Assisted Genome Annotation and Analysis of the Draft Metabolic Network of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Genetics, May 1, 2008; 179(1): 157 - 166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Y. Huang, U. Roessner, I. Eickmeier, Y. Genc, D. L. Callahan, N. Shirley, P. Langridge, and A. Bacic Metabolite Profiling Reveals Distinct Changes in Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Phosphate-Deficient Barley Plants (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plant Cell Physiol., May 1, 2008; 49(5): 691 - 703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Okazaki, N. Oka, T. Shinano, M. Osaki, and M. Takebe Differences in the Metabolite Profiles of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Leaf in Different Concentrations of Nitrate in the Culture Solution Plant Cell Physiol., February 1, 2008; 49(2): 170 - 177. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Thornton, S. M. Osborne, E. Paterson, and P. Cash A proteomic and targeted metabolomic approach to investigate change in Lolium perenne roots when challenged with glycine J. Exp. Bot., May 1, 2007; 58(7): 1581 - 1590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Brauer, J. Yuan, B. D. Bennett, W. Lu, E. Kimball, D. Botstein, and J. D. Rabinowitz Conservation of the metabolomic response to starvation across two divergent microbes PNAS, December 19, 2006; 103(51): 19302 - 19307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]