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CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Cell Type-Specific Role of the Retinoblastoma/E2F Pathway during Arabidopsis Leaf Development¹

Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain (B.D., E.R.-P., C.G.); and Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 (Q.X., N.-H.C.)

Organogenesis in plants is almost entirely a postembryonic process. This unique feature implies a strict coupling of cell proliferation and differentiation, including cell division, arrest, cell cycle reactivation, endoreplication, and differentiation. The plant retinoblastoma-related (RBR) protein modulates the activity of E2F transcription factors to restrict cell proliferation. Arabidopsis contains a single RBR gene, and its loss of function precludes gamete formation and early development. To determine the relevance of the RBR/E2F pathway during organogenesis, outside its involvement in cell division, we have used an inducible system to inactivate RBR function and release E2F activity. Here, we have focused on leaves where cell proliferation and differentiation are temporally and developmentally regulated. Our results reveal that RBR restricts cell division early during leaf development when cell proliferation predominates, while it regulates endocycle occurrence at later stages. Moreover, shortly after leaving the cell cycle, most of leaf epidermal pavement cells retain the ability to reenter the cell cycle and proliferate, but maintain epidermal cell fate. On the contrary, mesophyll cells in the inner layers do not respond in this way to RBR loss of activity. We conclude that there exists a distinct response of different cells to RBR inactivation in terms of maintaining the balance between cell division and endoreplication during Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaf development.

² Present address: Laboratory of Plant Molecular Signaling, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Anding Menwai, Beijing 100101, China.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Crisanto Gutierrez (cgutierrez{at}cbm.uam.es).

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.105.071027.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail cgutierrez{at}cbm.uam.es; fax 34–91–497–4799.

Received September 5, 2005; returned for revision November 8, 2005; accepted November 9, 2005.

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