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SYSTEMS BIOLOGY, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, AND GENE REGULATION

Mitosis-Specific Promoter of the Alfalfa Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Gene (Medsa;CDKB2;1) Is Activated by Wounding and Ethylene in a Non-Cell Division-Dependent Manner^1,[W]

Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged H–6701, Hungary (M.K.Z., A.P.-S., Z.N., S.B., D.D., A.F.); Laboratory of Tumorpathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Institute for Biotechnology, Bay Zoltan Foundation for Applied Research, Szeged H–6726, Hungary (E.S.); 1st Institute of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest H–1085, Hungary (T.K.); and Szilak Laboratories, Bioinformatics and Molecule-Design, Szeged H–6723, Hungary (L.S.)

Cyclin-dependent serine/threonine kinases (CDKs) have pivotal roles in regulating the eukaryotic cell cycle. Plants possess a unique class of CDKs (B-type CDKs) with preferential protein accumulation at G2/M-phases; however, their exact functions are still enigmatic. Here we describe the functional characterization of a 360-bp promoter region of the alfalfa (Medicago sativa) CDKB2;1 gene in transgenic plants and cell lines. It is shown that the activity of the analyzed promoter was characteristic for proliferating meristematic regions in planta and specific for cells in the G2/M-phases in synchronized cell cultures. Immunohistochemical analysis of transgenic root sections further confirmed the correlation of the expression of the CDKB2;1 promoter-linked reporter genes with the accumulation of the correspondent kinase. It was found that, in addition to auxin (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) treatment, wounding could also induce both the reporter and endogenous genes in transgenic leaf explants. Furthermore, ethylene, known as a wound-response mediator, had a similar effect. The gene activation in response to wounding or ethephon was faster and occurred without the induction of cell cycle progression in contrast to the control auxin treatment. In silico analysis of this promoter indeed revealed the presence of a set of cis-elements, indicating not only cell cycle- but wound- and ethylene-dependent regulation of this CDK gene. Based on the presented data, we discuss the functional significance of the complex regulation of mitosis-specific CDK genes in plants.

² These authors contributed equally to the paper.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: László Szilák (laszlo.szilak{at}freemail.hu).

^[W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.105.072173.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail laszlo.szilak{at}freemail.hu; fax 36–62–433434.

Received September 30, 2005; returned for revision November 16, 2005; accepted December 11, 2005.

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