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CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Plastid Movement Impaired 2, a New Gene Involved in Normal Blue-Light-Induced Chloroplast Movements in Arabidopsis^1,[W]

Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405

Chloroplasts move in a light-dependent manner that can modulate the photosynthetic potential of plant cells. Identification of genes required for light-induced chloroplast movement is beginning to define the molecular machinery that controls these movements. In this work, we describe plastid movement impaired 2 (pmi2), a mutant in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that displays attenuated chloroplast movements under intermediate and high light intensities while maintaining a normal movement response under low light intensities. In wild-type plants, fluence rates below 20 µmol m^–2 s^–1 of blue light lead to chloroplast accumulation on the periclinal cell walls, whereas light intensities over 20 µmol m^–2 s^–1 caused chloroplasts to move toward the anticlinal cell walls (avoidance response). However, at light intensities below 75 µmol m^–2 s^–1, chloroplasts in pmi2 leaves move to the periclinal walls; 100 µmol m^–2 s^–1 of blue light is required for chloroplasts in pmi2 to move to the anticlinal cell walls, indicating a shift in the light threshold for the avoidance response in the mutant. The pmi2 mutation has been mapped to a gene that encodes a protein of unknown function with a large coiled-coil domain in the N terminus and a putative P loop. PMI2 shares sequence and structural similarity with PMI15, another unknown protein in Arabidopsis that, when mutated, causes a defect in chloroplast avoidance under high-light intensities.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Roger P. Hangarter (rhangart{at}indiana.edu).

^[W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.106.080333.

^* Corresponding author; e-mail rhangart{at}indiana.edu; fax 812–855–6082.

Received March 13, 2006; returned for revision June 1, 2006; accepted June 1, 2006.

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