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BIOENERGETICS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS

A Eukaryotic Factor Required for Accumulation of the Chloroplast NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase Complex in Arabidopsis¹

Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812–8581, Japan

The NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) complex in chloroplasts mediates photosystem I cyclic and chlororespiratory electron transport. Eleven chloroplast genes and three nuclear genes have been identified as encoding Ndh subunits, but the entire subunit composition is still unknown. An Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) chlororespiratory reduction (crr3) mutant was isolated based on its lack of transient increase in chlorophyll fluorescence after actinic light illumination; this was due to a specific defect in accumulation of the NDH complex. The CRR3 gene (At2g01590) encodes a novel protein containing a putative plastid-targeting signal and a transmembrane domain. Consistent with the gene structure, CRR3 localized to the membrane fraction of chloroplasts. In addition to the essential function of CRR3 in stabilizing the NDH complex, the NDH complex is also required for the accumulation of CRR3. These results suggest that CRR3 interacts with the NDH complex in the thylakoid membrane. In contrast to other subunits in the chloroplast NDH complex, CRR3 is not conserved in cyanobacteria from which the chloroplast NDH complex is believed to have originated. We propose that CRR3 is a subunit of the NDH complex, which is specific to the chloroplast.

² These authors contributed equally to the paper.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Toshiharu Shikanai (shikanai{at}agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp).

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.106.088682

^* Corresponding author; e-mail shikanai{at}agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp; fax 81–92–642–2882.

Received August 23, 2006; accepted October 10, 2006; published October 13, 2006.

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