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ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AND ADAPTATION TO STRESS

Specific Roles of - and -Tocopherol in Abiotic Stress Responses of Transgenic Tobacco^1,[W],[OA]

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, 91058 Erlangen, Germany (A.-R.A., U.S., L.V.); and Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, D–06466 Gatersleben, Germany (M.H., D.H.)

Tocopherols are lipophilic antioxidants that are synthesized exclusively in photosynthetic organisms. In most higher plants, - and -tocopherol are predominant with their ratio being under spatial and temporal control. While -tocopherol accumulates predominantly in photosynthetic tissue, seeds are rich in -tocopherol. To date, little is known about the specific roles of - and -tocopherol in different plant tissues. To study the impact of tocopherol composition and content on stress tolerance, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants constitutively silenced for homogentisate phytyltransferase (HPT) and -tocopherol methyltransferase (-TMT) activity were created. Silencing of HPT lead to an up to 98% reduction of total tocopherol accumulation compared to wild type. Knockdown of -TMT resulted in an up to 95% reduction of -tocopherol in leaves of the transgenics, which was almost quantitatively compensated for by an increase in -tocopherol. The response of HPT and -TMT transgenics to salt and sorbitol stress and methyl viologen treatments in comparison to wild type was studied. Each stress condition imposes oxidative stress along with additional challenges like perturbing ion homeostasis, desiccation, or disturbing photochemistry, respectively. Decreased total tocopherol content increased the sensitivity of HPT:RNAi transgenics toward all tested stress conditions, whereas -TMT-silenced plants showed an improved performance when challenged with sorbitol or methyl viologen. However, salt tolerance of -TMT transgenics was strongly decreased. Membrane damage in -TMT transgenic plants was reduced after sorbitol and methyl viologen-mediated stress, as evident by less lipid peroxidation and/or electrolyte leakage. Therefore, our results suggest specific roles for - and -tocopherol in vivo.

² Present address: Department of Molecular Biology, Copenhagen Biocenter, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Lars M. Voll (lvoll{at}biologie.uni-erlangen.de).

^[W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

^[OA] Open Access articles can be viewed online without a subscription.

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.106.094771

^* Corresponding author; e-mail lvoll{at}biologie.uni-erlangen.de; fax 49–09131–852–82–54.

Received December 14, 2006; accepted February 2, 2007; published February 9, 2007.

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